Kitchen EMF Research

Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of Vitamin E on the rat substantia nigra neural cells exposed to electromagnetic field: An ultrastructural study

Unknown authors · 2021

Comparison of ELF-EMFs stimulation with current stimulation on the regulation of LTP of SC-CA1 synapses in young rat hippocampus

Unknown authors · 2021

Both ELF-EMFs and microampere currents significantly reduced long-term potentiation. The effect of 0.1 μA current was similar to 100 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMFs, while 0.2 μA current had a stronger effect than 200 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMFs on high-frequency stimulation LTP.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Signaling in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Unknown authors · 2020

The study investigated molecular events associated with the synergistic activity of PEMFs and BMP2 on osteogenic differentiation. Human MSCs were exposed to PEMFs at 75 Hz and 1.5 mT in combination with BMP2 at the minimal dose able to induce differentiation. Researchers analyzed changes in BMP signaling pathway gene expression and phosphorylation of downstream proteins including SMAD1/5/8 and MAPK. Results showed synergistic activity on osteogenic differentiation transcription factors and markers, with increased BMP2, BMP6, and BMP type I receptor gene expression and activation of SMAD1/5/8 and p38 MAPK.

Human fibroblasts in vitro exposed to 2.45 GHz continuous and pulsed wave signals: evaluation of biological effects with a multimethodological approach

Unknown authors · 2020

Extremely low- frequency electromagnetic fields increase the expression of anagen-related molecules in human dermal papilla cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt signaling pathway

Unknown authors · 2020

Evaluation of frequency magnetic field, static field, and Temozolomide on viability, free radical production and gene expression (p53) in the human glioblastoma cell line (A172) Electromagn Biol Med 39: 298-309, 2020

Ashta A , Motalleb G , Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M · 2020

Researchers investigated the effects of a 10 Hz, 50 G frequency magnetic field, a 50 G static magnetic field, and 200 μm temozolomide on viability, free radical production, and p53 expression in human A172 glioblastoma cells. The combination of temozolomide with both magnetic fields increased cytotoxicity, free radical production, and p53 gene and protein expression.

Protective Effects of Zinc on 2.45 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in HEK293 Cells

Unknown authors · 2020

Hepatic injury induced by radio frequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices in Wistar rats

Hepatic injury induced by radio frequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices in Wistar ratsH M Fahmy et al. · 2020

Researchers exposed Wistar female rats to a standard 2.45 GHz radio frequency source with an averaged whole-body specific absorption rate of 0.01 W kg−1 24 h−1 daily for 40 consecutive days. The rats were randomly divided into control and Wi-Fi–exposed groups. Liver samples were evaluated for oxidative stress parameters, transaminase levels, molecular structure using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, histopathology, and ultrastructure. Exposure led to severe oxidative stress, deleterious effects on liver function, altered molecular structure, and severe histological and ultrastructural alterations indicating hepatotoxic effects.

Electromagnetic field of extremely low frequency has an impact on selected chemical components of the honeybee

Unknown authors · 2020

Researchers aimed to demonstrate the effect of ELF-EMF on selected chemical components of honeybees using FTIR spectroscopy. Honeybees were exposed to 50 Hz EMF at 1.6 mT for durations of 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. FTIR analysis revealed that exposure longer than 2 hours induced changes in the structure of chemical compounds, especially in regions corresponding to DNA, RNA, phospholipids, and protein vibrations, compared to unexposed controls.

Chromosome aberration in typical biological systems under exposure to low- and high-intensity magnetic fields

Unknown authors · 2020

Researchers investigated chromosome response in human neuronal-like cells and plant roots (Allium sativum and Vicia faba) exposed to static and 50 Hz magnetic fields at intensities from 1 mT to 0.8 T. FTIR spectroscopy showed a significant decrease in phosphate band intensity in DNA after exposure of neuronal-like cells to 1 mT static and 50 Hz fields, suggesting chromatin uncoiling and unpackaging. Microscopy directly observed this effect in Allium sativum and Vicia faba roots exposed to a 0.8 T static magnetic field.

Effect of low frequency magnetic field on efficiency of chromosome break repair

Burgos-Molina AM et al. · 2020

Researchers studied the repair of DNA double strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under magnetic field exposure. They induced pairs of DSB using HO endonuclease by plating cells on galactose-containing media. The repair processes occurred during 21 days of exposure to a 50Hz, 2.45mT sinusoidal magnetic field generated by Helmholtz coils. Magnetic field exposure increased colony formation 1.29-fold for Pho91 and 1.5-fold for Rmd5 at day 21 compared to untreated controls. DNA repair kinetics showed a 55.56-fold increase at day 15 for Rmd5 versus a 1.18-fold increase for Pho91.

Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on the behavior and bioenergetics of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor

Jakubowska M, Urban-Malinga B, Otremba Z, Andrulewicz E · 2019

Researchers exposed the polychaete Hediste diversicolor to a 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field typical of submarine cable environments. The worms showed no avoidance or attraction, but their burrowing activity increased, indicating a stimulating effect on bioturbation. Food consumption and respiration rates were unchanged, while ammonia excretion was significantly lower than in control animals kept in the geomagnetic field.

Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of 50 Hz 1 mT electromagnetic field on larval rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Baltic clam (Limecola balthica) and common ragworm (Hediste diversicolor)

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed rainbow trout for 40 days and ragworm and Baltic clam for 12 days to a 50 Hz 1 mT electromagnetic field. They measured nuclear abnormalities in trout blood erythrocytes, ragworm coelomocytes, and clam gill cells. Exposure significantly increased micronuclei in trout and ragworm, nuclear buds on filament cells and blebbed nuclei only in clam, and nuclear buds in all species. The frequency of 8-shaped nuclei rose in trout and clam, apoptotic and binucleated cells rose only in clam, and ragworm showed no significant cytotoxic change.

Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields of High Voltage Overhead Power Lines and Female Infertility

Esmailzadeh S et al. · 2019

Researchers conducted a case-control study of 462 women with infertility and 471 controls between 2014 and 2016. Distance from high voltage power lines (240–400 kV) to each residence was measured using GIS and Google Earth. Women living within 500 meters had an odds ratio of 4.14 (95% CI 2.61 to 6.57) for infertility compared with those living beyond 1000 meters, and the adjusted odds ratio was 4.44 (95% CI 2.77 to 7.11).

DNA effects of low level occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50/60 Hz)

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers measured occupational ELF-MF exposure in a power plant using the NIOSH manual. The median magnetic field at working sites was 0.85 µT. They assessed DNA single-strand breaks in 29 male utility workers and 28 male support personnel using the comet assay. Exposed workers showed significantly increased olive length, tail moment, and tail DNA percent. Induction of DNA damage was observed for the exposed workers compared with the controls.

Effects of 5-HT 1 and 5-HT 2 Receptor Agonists on Electromagnetic Field-Induced Analgesia in Rats

Ozdemir E, Demirkazik A, Taskıran AS, Arslan G · 2019

This study investigated the role of serotonin receptors in electromagnetic field (EMF)-induced analgesia in rats exposed to 50 Hz, 5 mT alternating EMF for 15 days. The researchers found that activating 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors enhanced EMF-induced pain relief, while blocking these receptors reduced it, suggesting these receptors are involved in the analgesic mechanism of EMF exposure.

The effects of extremely low- frequency electromagnetic fields on c-Maf, STAT6, and RORα expressions in spleen and thymus of rat

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed 80 adult male rats to ELF-EMFs at 1, 100, 500, and 2000 µT, 50 Hz, 2 hours daily for up to 60 days and immunized them on days 31, 44, and 58. Gene expression of c-Maf, STAT6, and RORα in the thymus did not change significantly at any flux density. In the spleen, RORα and c-Maf expression was significantly downregulated at 1 and 100 µT, while STAT6 expression decreased significantly only at 100 µT. The authors concluded that low magnetic flux densities of ELF-EMFs may reduce expression of these genes in the spleen.

Extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields affect proangiogenic-related gene expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed primary cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells to 50 Hz extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields for three days. They measured cell proliferation and apoptosis using ELISA and assessed gene expression of proangiogenic factors using RT-PCR. The exposure did not change cell proliferation or cell death, but it significantly increased the transcript levels of several proangiogenic genes including HIF-1α, VEGFA, VEGFR-2, CTGF, cathepsin D, TIMP-1, E2F3, MMP-2, and MMP-9.

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on learning and memory abilities of STZ-induced dementia rats.

Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Cheing GL, Pan W. · 2019

Researchers allocated forty Sprague-Dawley rats to four groups, including an STZ-induced dementia group exposed to pulsed EMF at 10 mT and 20 Hz. The Morris water maze was used to assess learning and memory abilities, and IGF-1 and IGF-2 gene expression were measured by quantitative PCR. Mean escape latency was reduced by 66%, swimming distance decreased by 55%, and time for first crossing the platform decreased by 41.6% in the pulsed EMF group compared with the STZ group. IGF-2 gene expression significantly increased in the pulsed EMF group compared with the STZ group.

Comparison of polymerization and structural behavior of microtubules in rat brain and sperm affected by the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field

Unknown authors · 2019

The study aimed to examine microtubule polymerization and structural behavior in brain and sperm of rats exposed to a 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field. Twenties adult male rats were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, and semen and brain samples were split into four groups for microtubule polymerization analysis. There were no significant differences in testosterone, corticosterone, anxiety behavior, or sperm morphology between groups, but sperm viability, total motility, and progressive motility were significantly higher after exposure. Microtubule polymerization in sperm was significantly higher in the exposed group, and the secondary and tertiary structures of tubulin were significantly affected in both brain and sperm.

Comparison of polymerization and structural behavior of microtubules in rat brain and sperm affected by the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) and found unexpected improvements in sperm function and changes to cellular structures called microtubules in both brain and sperm cells. The study suggests that power line frequency EMF can alter the basic building blocks of cells in ways that might affect memory formation and reproductive function.

Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on circadian rhythm control in mice.

Lundberg L, Sienkiewicz Z, Anthony DC, Broom KA. · 2019

Researchers exposed male C57BL/6J mice for 30 min to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 580 μT, blue LED light at 700 lux, both, or neither, to test whether power frequency magnetic fields can influence circadian rhythm control. The magnetic fields did not modulate the response to light and had no significant effect on adrenal markers on their own, though they were associated with a decrease in locomotor activity (P < 0.03). Gene expression of cry1 and cry2 in the adrenals, liver, and hippocampus was not affected by any of the exposures (P > 0.05).

Effect of sinusoidal and pulsed magnetic field exposure on the chronological aging and cellular stability of S

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a sinusoidal magnetic field (2.45 mT, 50 Hz, continuous) and a pulsed magnetic field (1.5 mT, 25 Hz, 8 h/day). Chronological aging was evaluated during 40 days. Survival was assayed by clonogenic assay and drop test, and cellular stability was studied by spontaneous mutation count and the index of respiratory competence. Pulsed magnetic field exposure accelerated chronological aging and decreased the spontaneous frequency of mitochondrial mutation, but did not alter the index of respiratory competence for either field type.

Effects of single- and hybrid-frequency extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field stimulations on long-term potentiation in the hippocampal Schaffer collateral pathway.

Zheng Y, Ma XX, Dong L, Gao Y, Tian L. · 2019

Researchers applied single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic fields with an intensity of 1 mT to rat hippocampal slices in vitro to study effects on long-term potentiation (LTP) in synaptic plasticity. The amplitude of fEPSPs decreased significantly under both single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic stimulation. The 15-Hz single-frequency stimulation showed the most significant regulatory effect, but mixing it with higher frequencies significantly weakened that effect. The regulating effect among four different hybrid-frequency ELF-EMF stimulations on LTP showed no significant differences.

Effects of 5-HT1 and 5-HT 2 Receptor Agonists on Electromagnetic Field-Induced Analgesia in Rats.

Ozdemir E, Demirkazik A, Taskıran AS, Arslan G. · 2019

Researchers exposed 66 adult male Wistar albino rats to alternating 50 Hz and 5 mT EMF for 2 hours a day for 15 days, then injected serotonin receptor agonists or antagonists before analgesia tests. Administration of serotonin HCl to MF-exposed rats produced a significant increase in percent maximal possible effect compared with the EMF group. Injection of WAY 100635 to MF-exposed rats produced a significant decrease in analgesic activity, while DOI hydrochloride significantly increased % MPE values compared with the EMF group. The researchers suggested that serotonin 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors play an important role in EMF-induced analgesia, but noted that further research studies are necessary to understand the mechanism.