Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed young rats to 2.45 GHz radiation (WiFi frequency) at different intensities for 45 days to study effects on developing reproductive tissue. The study found that stronger radiation caused increased oxidative damage and structural changes in testicular tissue, with the highest exposure level (15 V/m) producing significant harmful effects.
Unknown authors · 2023
Eighty rats were divided into four exposure groups and a control group, and the treatment groups were exposed to 50-Hz magnetic fields at 1, 100, 500, and 2000 μT for 2 hours daily over 60 days. All rats were immunized with human serum albumin on days 31, 44, and 58. AID expression significantly decreased at 1 μT, Bcl-6 expression did not change, and serum IL-6 increased only in the 500 μT group after immunization.
Unknown authors · 2022
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers investigated the effects of 50 and 60 Hz magnetic fields on ROS production, DNA damage, DNA repair, and gene expression in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Cells were exposed to 100 µTRMS magnetic fields for 24 hours, then assayed or treated with menadione before assay. There was suggestive evidence of a low-magnitude increase in ROS-related gene expression immediately after exposure, and 50 Hz fields reduced menadione-induced ROS levels. Magnetic field exposures did not affect cytosolic superoxide levels, DNA damage, or DNA repair rates. No firm evidence was found for differential effects between 50 and 60 Hz fields.
Unknown authors · 2022
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed two-week-old immature male chickens to non-thermal low-level 2.45 GHz microwave radiation for two hours per day over 30 days. Exposed chickens showed decreased testicular weight, volume, and gonado-somatic index, as well as a substantial reduction in seminiferous tubule diameter. Radiation exposure increased oxidative stress parameters, increased IL-1β immunoreactivity, decreased IL-10 immunoreactivity, and reduced ERα expression in testes.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed young male chickens to WiFi-frequency radiation (2.45 GHz) for 2 hours daily over 30 days and found significant damage to their reproductive systems. The radiation caused testicular shrinkage, increased inflammation, and reduced hormone receptor activity linked to fertility. This study reveals concerning biological mechanisms by which common wireless frequencies may impact male reproductive health.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed young male chickens to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (the same frequency as WiFi and microwave ovens) for 2 hours daily over 30 days. The radiation caused testicular shrinkage, increased inflammation, and reduced hormone receptor activity linked to male fertility. This study provides biological evidence that common microwave frequencies may impair reproductive development.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers assessed short-term behavioural responses of 15 juvenile thornback rays to direct and alternating 50 Hz uniform 450-μT magnetic fields using a 1-hour focal-sampling design. Magnetic fields were controlled in laboratory conditions with a custom-made Helmholtz coil device. Behavioural responses did not significantly differ between control and exposed rays during the morning period. Rays exposed to direct current magnetic fields increased their activity during the midday period. Alternating current exposure produced synchronisation patterns with high inter-individual variance.
Touitou Y, Selmaoui B, Lambrozo J · 2022
Researchers investigated the effects of ELF-EMFs on cortisol secretion in 14 men working in extra-high voltage substations. Magnetic field exposure was measured over seven days with geometric means ranging from 0.1 to 2.6 μT. Blood samples were taken hourly from 20:00 to 08:00 the next morning. Compared to unexposed controls, higher field intensity had a significant effect on cortisol secretory pattern. This study strongly suggests that chronic exposure to ELF-EMFs alters peak-time serum cortisol levels.
Unknown authors · 2022
The study used a 500 μT, 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field generated by a Meritt Coil System. Malondialdehyde and glutathione levels were measured, showing increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant response after exposure. Raman spectroscopy of brain tissue revealed a shift in amide III vibration peaks, structural changes in lipid CH2 vibrations in both hemispheres, and an increased number of amide III bonds in the cerebellum and left-brain tissue. Liver tissue from the exposed group showed higher Raman intensities and structural lipid changes. Principal component analysis distinguished the ELF-MF and control groups, and hierarchical component analysis showed tissues from each group clustered with their own group.
Tan B, Tan FC, Yalcin B, Dasdag S, Yegin K, Yay AH · 2022
The study created four groups (sham, irradiated female, irradiated male, and irradiated male and female) with one male and three females each. The irradiated groups were whole-body exposed to 2450 MHz continuous wave radiofrequency radiation for 12 hours per day across four generations. The researchers examined fetal brain development, histopathological changes in female rats, and hippocampal MAPK protein levels in male rats. In exposed groups, hemorrhagic areas, irregular cellular localization, and vascular structures were observed in the brains of fetal and adult female rats across all generations. In adult male rats, phosphorylated ERK, tau, JNK, and p38 were significantly increased in the brain across all generations.
Unknown authors · 2022
Tan B, Tan FC, Yalcin B, Dasdag S, Yegin K, Yay AH · 2022
Turkish researchers exposed rats to WiFi-frequency radiation (2450 MHz) for 12 hours daily across four generations, starting before conception. They found brain hemorrhaging and irregular cell patterns in fetuses and adult females, plus elevated stress proteins linked to memory problems in males. The effects persisted and potentially worsened across generations.
Piszczek P et al. · 2022
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed purified BMSCs to sinusoidal or square waveform electromagnetic fields at 400 µT and 75 Hz for either 1 hour per week or 7 hours per day, then injected them into the left substantia nigra of Parkinsonian rats. Cell morphology analysis showed that sinusoidal EMF exposure caused most BMSCs to differentiate into neurons, including large and small neurons with apparent synapses. Square EMF exposure produced mainly astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, while both BMSCs alone and sinusoidal EMF-exposed BMSCs improved locomotor activity in the rats.
Unknown authors · 2022
The study aimed to examine the 96-hour effects of ELF-EMF on HERV-H, K, and W expression in human melanoma cells. SK-MEL-37 cells were continuously exposed to ELF-EMF at 50 Hz and intensities of 1.5 and 3 mT for 96 hours, and HERV expression was measured by qPCR after mRNA extraction. Exposure to ELF-EMF for 96 hours significantly downregulated HERV-H, K, and W env gene expression (P<0.001). The researchers suggested that low intensity and long-term exposure to ELF-EMF may pave using this type of radiation as a novel therapeutic approach by neutralizing the HERVs upregulated expression in melanoma cells.
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers isolated spermatogonial stem cells and Sertoli cells from neonate mouse testes. The stem cells were exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields at 2.5 mT for one hour daily over five days and then treated with exosomes from pre-pubertal Sertoli cells. Electromagnetic field exposure increased reactive oxygen species, reduced catalase expression, cell viability, and colonization, and increased apoptosis and Caspase-3 expression while decreasing GFRα1 expression. Sertoli-derived exosomes significantly improved these adverse effects by regulating oxidative stress.
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers exposed mouse sperm stem cells to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (like power lines) and found it caused oxidative damage and cell death. However, protective molecules called exosomes from neighboring Sertoli cells could reverse this damage. The study suggests EMF exposure harms male reproductive cells, but natural protective mechanisms exist.
Hardell & Carlberg · 2021
The paper discusses historical lessons from early warnings on cancer risks and lost prevention opportunities. It states that radiofrequency radiation has a cancer-causing effect and that decades of studies show increased human cancer risk. Based on three case-control studies of wireless phone use, the authors present a preventable fraction for brain tumors and note an increase in undefined brain tumors in Sweden, especially among ages 20–39, which they suggest may be linked to high wireless phone use among young people.
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers screened 22 ELF-PEMFs and identified two fields, A and B, with similar fundamental frequencies but different pulse patterns that diversely affected macrophage function. Macrophages exposed to field A showed pro-inflammatory markers such as increased phospho-Stat1, CD86, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Macrophages exposed to field B showed anti-inflammatory and pro-healing markers including increased Arginase I, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors. Conditioned medium from field B-exposed macrophages enhanced stem cell migration more strongly than field A and stimulated extracellular matrix gene expression in stem cells.
Unknown authors · 2021
Thirty young men participated in a double-blind, sham-controlled crossover study with all-night 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi exposure. Declarative memory improved overnight with Wi-Fi exposure, but emotional and procedural memory were unaffected. No sleep-specific physiological parameters changed with exposure, so the behavioral effect lacked physiological support and may be a random finding.
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers exposed T98 and A172 glioblastoma cells to 50 Hz, 70 G electromagnetic fields combined with temozolomide. The combination enhanced cell death and decreased migration potential in both cell lines. The treatment also increased p53 gene expression, decreased cyclin-D1 protein, and led to MGMT protein expression in T98 cells but not in A172 cells.
Unknown authors · 2021
Pregnant Wistar albino rats were exposed to pulsed 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at 2.8 mW/cm² for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy. Male offspring were not exposed after birth and were examined at 75 days of age. Exposed adult rats showed irregular seminiferous tubules, degenerated germ cells, reduced tubule diameter and epithelial height, and increased interstitial space. Exposed rats also had more vacuoles, altered organelles, necrotizing cells, empty spaces between Sertoli and germ cells, and increased lipid droplets in Leydig cells. Fluoro Jade-C and superoxide dismutase 2 positivity were increased in exposed rats.
Mustafa E, Luukkonen J, Makkonen J, Naarala J · 2021
The researchers investigated the effects of 50 Hz extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on circadian gene expression, DNA damage signaling, and DNA repair after bleomycin treatment. Murine FDC-P1 hematopoietic cells were exposed to 200 μT magnetic fields for 15 minutes, 2 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours. Immediate DNA damage was measured with a comet assay and circadian rhythm gene expression with real-time PCR. Circadian rhythm-related genes were upregulated after 12 hours and downregulated after 24 hours of exposure, but core circadian genes were not affected. The repair rate for bleomycin-induced DNA damage decreased only after 24 hours of magnetic field exposure.
