Heikkinen P et al. · 2001
Researchers evaluated the effect of low-level RF radiation on cancer development initiated by ionizing radiation in mice. Two hundred female CBA/S mice were randomized into four equal groups at 3 to 5 weeks of age, and all groups except the cage-control group were exposed to ionizing radiation followed by RF radiation for 1.5 h per day, 5 days a week for 78 weeks. One group received continuous NMT-type RF radiation at 902.5 MHz and 1.5 W/kg SAR, another received pulsed GSM-type RF radiation at 902.4 MHz and 0.35 W/kg SAR, while controls were sham-exposed. RF radiation exposures did not significantly increase the incidence of any neoplastic lesion. The researchers concluded that the results do not provide evidence for cancer promotion by RF radiation from mobile phones.
Stang A et al. · 2001
Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Pahlson A, Hallquist A · 2001
Researchers conducted a case-control study of 233 patients aged 20-80 with histopathologically verified brain tumours, using two matched controls per case from the Swedish Population Register. Workers in the chemical industry had an odds ratio of 4.10 (95% CI 1.25-13.4) and laboratory workers an odds ratio of 3.21 (95% CI 1.16-8.85). Radiotherapy of the head and neck region gave an odds ratio of 3.61 (95% CI 0.65-19.9), medical diagnostic X-ray of the same area yielded an odds ratio of 1.64 (95% CI 1.04-2.58), and work as a physician gave an odds ratio of 6.00 (95% CI 0.62-57.7). Ipsilateral cellular telephone use increased the risk of tumours in the temporal, temporoparietal, and occipital areas with an odds ratio of 2.42 (95% CI 0.97-6.05).
Fabbro-Peray P, Daures JP, Rossi JF. · 2001
Researchers performed a population-based case-control study in Languedoc-Roussillon, southern France, from 1992 to 1996, enrolling four hundred and forty-five NHL cases and one thousand and twenty-five population controls. Multivariate analysis identified significantly increased odds for previous hematopoietic malignancy, history of hives, benzene exposure exceeding 810 days, daily welding, and radio operator activity. Agricultural professionals showed a slight, non-significant elevation in odds compared with non-professionals. All results were adjusted for age, gender, education level, and urban setting.
Devyatkov ND, Pletnyov SD, Betskii OV, Faikin VV · 2001
The article presents experimental investigations of the inhibitory effect of low-energy and high-peak-power nanosecond microwave pulses on malignant tumor growth. The authors concluded that these microwave pulses can serve as a promising means for treating malignant diseases.
Novoselova EG, Ogai VB, Sorokina OV, Novikov VV, Fesenko EE · 2001
Researchers studied the effect of fractionated low-intensity microwave exposure and a combined weak magnetic field on tumor necrosis factor production in macrophages of mice with experimental solid tumors. Exposure to both microwaves and magnetic field enhanced the adaptive response, with higher tumor necrosis factor production in peritoneal macrophages of exposed tumor-bearing mice compared to unexposed mice.
De Roos AJ et al. · 2001
Researchers examined parental occupational exposures to electromagnetic fields and radiation and the incidence of neuroblastoma in offspring. Cases were 538 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma between 1992 and 1994 in the United States or Canada, and age-matched controls were selected by random-digit dialing. Maternal exposure to a broad grouping of sources that produce radiofrequency radiation was associated with an increased incidence of neuroblastoma, with an odds ratio of 2.8 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.9 to 8.7. However, the broad groupings of sources that produce ELF fields, radiofrequency radiation, or ionizing radiation were not associated with neuroblastoma.
Unknown authors · 2000
The study was a case-control study of women living within 300 meters of transmission lines in Sweden. For occupational exposure over 0.25 microtesla, the relative risk of breast cancer was 1.0 with a 96% confidence interval of 0.6 to 1.7. Women under 50 had a relative risk of 1.5, and those with estrogen receptor-positive tumors had a relative risk of 3.2, though confidence intervals were wide.
Unknown authors · 2000
Researchers investigated whether exposure to 60-Hz sinusoidal magnetic fields (0.3-1.2 G for 3-72 h) would cause proliferation of human astrocytoma cells. Sixty-Hertz magnetic fields caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in proliferation of astrocytoma cells, measured by (3)H-thymidine incorporation and by flow cytometry, and strongly potentiated the effect of two agonists. However, magnetic fields had no effect on DNA synthesis of rat cortical astrocytes, which are similar nontransformed cells. A protein kinase C inhibitor and down-regulation of protein kinase C inhibited the effect of magnetic fields on basal and agonist-stimulated thymidine incorporation.
Unknown authors · 2000
The researchers conducted a large case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and electric-power-line wire codes. They examined internal evidence to assess whether selection bias or confounding affected the findings. Excluding 107 partial participants increased the odds ratio for very high current configurations by 23%, and similar but slightly smaller increases were seen with direct magnetic field measurements. Partial participants had lower socioeconomic status than full participants, suggesting possible selection bias, while confounding adjustments changed the odds ratio by less than 8% individually and at most 15% simultaneously.
Unknown authors · 2000
Unknown authors · 2000
Unknown authors · 2000
Researchers from Löscher's group in Germany exposed Sprague-Dawley rats to 50-Hz magnetic fields at microtesla flux densities for 13 or 27 weeks using a DMBA breast cancer model. The exposure significantly increased mammary tumor development and growth in those experiments. A similar study by Battelle in the United States did not replicate the effect.
Unknown authors · 2000
Researchers conducted a pooled analysis based on individual records from nine studies. The analysis included 3203 children with leukaemia and 10 338 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures levels < 0.4 μT, and 44 children with leukaemia and 62 control children with exposures ≥ 0.4 μT. For exposures ≥ 0.4 μT the estimated summary relative risk was 2.00 (1.27–3.13), P value = 0.002, while for exposures < 0.4 μT risk estimates were near the no effect level. Adjustment for potential confounding variables did not appreciably change the results. No evidence was found for a wire-code paradox; the highest wire code category showed a relative risk of 1.24 (0.82–1.87).
Unknown authors · 2000
Researchers conducted a case-cohort analysis using a refined magnetic field job-exposure matrix, selecting 164 leukemia deaths, 145 brain cancer deaths, and a random subcohort of 800 men from the original cohort. Magnetic field exposure was unrelated to leukemia mortality. Brain cancer mortality was positively associated with magnetic field exposure, with risk ratios of 1.8 and 2.5 in the highest cumulative and average exposure categories. Improvements in exposure assignment through job title regrouping had little impact on the measured associations for either cancer.
Unknown authors · 2000
Muscat JE et al. · 2000
Researchers conducted a case-control study in five US academic medical centers between 1994 and 1998 using a structured questionnaire, enrolling 469 adults with primary brain cancer and 422 matched controls. The median monthly hours of use were 2.5 for cases and 2.2 for controls, and the multivariate odds ratio for regular use was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.6-1.2). No association was observed according to duration of use (P = .54), and cerebral tumors occurred more often on the same side as phone use (26 vs 15 cases; P = .06) while temporal lobe tumors showed the opposite pattern (9 vs 5 cases; P = .33).
Morgan RW et al. · 2000
Researchers conducted a large cohort mortality study among 195,775 Motorola employees from 1976 to 1996, classifying workers into high, moderate, low, and background radiofrequency exposure groups. Standardized mortality ratios for radiofrequency-exposed workers were 0.53 for brain cancers and 0.54 for lymphomas and leukemias. Internal rate ratios were near 1.0 for brain cancers and below 1.0 for lymphomas and leukemias, with no increased risk seen with longer exposure duration or latency. The findings were consistent across different exposure classifications and did not support an association between occupational radiofrequency exposure and these cancers.
Richter E, Berman T, Ben-Michael E, Laster R, Westin JB · 2000
Pereira C, Edwards M · 2000
The study aimed to examine parotid nodular fasciitis in a mobile phone user. The authors report the first case of nodular fasciitis affecting the deep lobe of the parotid gland in a 39-year-old male telephone engineer.
Lourencini da Silva R et al. · 2000
Researchers exposed SnCl2-treated pBR322 plasmids to EMF and analyzed conformational changes using agarose gel electrophoresis. EMF exposure increased DNA scission, seen as relaxed plasmids. Plasmids pre-exposed to EMF were less able to transform E. coli. The authors concluded that EMF in the presence of a transition metal can cause DNA damage.
Imaida K et al. · 2000
Researchers gave six-week-old male F344 rats a single dose of diethylnitrosamine and then treated them with melatonin at 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 ppm in drinking water for six weeks. Melatonin was administered only during the night to maintain circadian rhythm. At week 3, rats underwent partial hepatectomy, and at week 8 they were sacrificed and serum hormone levels were measured. Serum melatonin was elevated while luteinizing hormone and testosterone were reduced. The number and area of GST-P-positive liver foci decreased in melatonin-treated groups, significantly for number at 10 ppm.
Hardell L, Nasman A, Pahlson A, Hallquist A. · 2000
The study included 233 men and women aged 20 to 80 years with histopathologically verified brain tumors, with two matched controls selected per case from the Swedish Population Register. Of these, 209 cases (90%) and 425 controls (91%) completed the exposure questionnaire. Medical diagnostic x-ray examination of the head and neck region yielded an odds ratio of 2.10 (95% CI 1.25-3.53) for a tumor induction period of 5 years or more. Ipsilateral cellular telephone use was associated with an odds ratio of 2.42 (95% CI 0.97-6.05) for tumors in the temporal, temporoparietal, and occipital lobes.
Romano-Spica V, Mucci N, Ursini CL, Ianni A, Bhat NK · 2000
Researchers analyzed gene expression in hemopoietic and testicular cell types after exposure to 50 MHz radiofrequency radiation modulated at 16 Hz. They observed overexpression of ets1 mRNA in Jurkat T-lymphoblastoid and Leydig TM3 cell lines only when the 16 Hz modulation was present. A putative candidate gene was also repressed after EMF exposure.
Adey WR et al. · 2000
Researchers exposed Fischer 344 rats to a frequency-modulated signal at 836.55 MHz in a two-year bioassay, testing for effects on spontaneous and chemically induced central nervous system tumors. The study used six groups of offspring totaling 540 rats, with some groups receiving the chemical ENU and others sham or field exposure. No FM field-mediated changes were observed in number, incidence, or histological type of either spontaneous or ENU-induced brain tumors, nor were gender differences detected in tumor numbers.
