EMF Research Studies

L'aumento di produzione del grano per mezzo del trattamento elettrici provejutivo della semente

Riccioni, B. · 1934

LA ACCION DE LA DIATERMIA MEDICA SOBRE EL OJO NORMAL Y PATOLOGICO

Cepero-Garcia, G., Comas-Cespedes · 1933

THE MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES IN ANIMAL TISSUES DUE TO HEATING BY AN ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR

Victor C. Jacobsen, Kiyoshi Hosoi · 1931

INVESTIGATIONS CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF SHORT ELECTRICAL WAVES ON THE GROWTH OF BACTERIA

Dr. W. Haase, Dr. E. Schliephake · 1931

Versuche über den Einfluß kurzer elektrischer Wellen auf das Wachstum von Bakterien

Dr. W. Haase, Priv.-Doz. Dr. E. Schliephake · 1931

THE ACTION OF CURRENTS OF VERY HIGH FREQUENCY UPON TISSUE CELLS

J. W. Schereschewsky · 1928

CONCERNING THE APPEARANCE OF THE STRING OF PEARL CHAIN FORMATION OF EMULSION PARTICLES UNDER THE EFFECT OF AN ALTERNATING FIELD

Ernst Muth · 1927

The pathological action of light upon the eye--II. Action upon the lens--Theory of the genesis of cataract.

Duke-Elder WS · 1926

The Effect of Pulsed High Frequency on Wound Healing: A Pilot Study

R. L. Goes, D.M.D.

INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS IN HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL FIELDS

A. K. Mulatov, R. S. Stepanov, S. D. Kirlian, V. H. Kirlian

Strong pulsating high frequency fields with a small average amount of power may extract electrons from living objects without detrimental effects and are normally safe for living organisms. The magnitude of the autoelectric emission current depends only on the field potential and the electron work function, where the field potential is determined by the dielectric constant and geometry of the object, and the work function depends on physio-chemical causes.

Relaxation Parameters of a Suspension of Membrane-Covered Ellipsoids

D. W. C. Shen, H. P. Schwan

The derived formulas for ellipsoids agree with Fricke's results for low and high concentrations when aligned, but with random orientation they match only at low concentration and differ slightly at high concentration. By combining the homogeneous ellipsoid concept with complex conductivity, the authors obtained dispersion equations showing a low-frequency dispersion from the core and three higher-frequency dispersions from the membrane. The model assumes the membrane thickness is much smaller than the ellipsoidal axes, allowing the core and membrane contributions to be distinguished in the equations.

MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON HUMAN COLONY FORMING MARROW CELLS

Unknown authors

Researchers exposed marrow cells from three leukemia patients in remission to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves at four power levels for 15 minutes. Sham exposures used the same chamber without microwave power. Colony formation was significantly reduced at 500 and 1000 mW/cm2 but not at lower power levels.

Effect of Microwaves on the Rabbit Eye

Leo Birenbaum et al.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL RADIATIONS

Arthur Holly Compton

EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE RADIATION ON CULTIVATED RAT KANGAROO CELLS

Kenneth T. S. Yao, Mayme M. Jiles

Researchers grew cells derived from the bone marrow and retinal choroid of the rat kangaroo (Rotrurus tridactylus) and exposed them to 2450 MHz microwave radiation for 5 to 20 minutes at distances of 10, 25, or 50 cm. Short exposure times at the longer distances resulted in cell growth greater than that of unirradiated controls. Longer exposure times at shorter distances impaired cell proliferation. Chromosome damage appeared in cells exposed at 10 cm for at least 10 minutes, and the percentage of damaged cells increased with longer exposure. When cells were sensitized with 5-bromodeoxyuridine, chromosome damage tripled.

Uncertainties in the Evaluation of the Biological Effects of Microwave and Radiofrequency Radiation

Stephen F. Cleary

Table I summarizes reported in vivo effects in humans including hyperthermia, cataracts, auditory nerve responses, and neurological effects. Reported effects in experimental animals include mutations, hyperthermia, burns, testicular effects, and chromosomal aberrations. In vitro effects listed include mitotic arrest, resonance absorption in methyl palmitate, pearl-chain formation, and enzyme inactivation.

COHERENT OSCILLATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: MODELS FOR AN INTERACTION WITH EXTERNAL STIMULATIONS

Unknown authors

IN VITRO STUDY OF MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON CALCIUM EFFLUX IN RAT BRAIN TISSUE

Unknown authors

Control samples were processed identically without microwave power applied. The authors concluded that low power density pulsed microwave energy does not significantly alter calcium efflux.

MICROWAVE ASPECTS OF MILLIMETER WAVE CW CELL IRRADIATION STUDIES

Unknown authors

The paper describes a microwave exposure system for three experiments using CW millimeter waves. The system uses a Siemens RWO-60 backward wave oscillator powered by a Micro-Now 702 supply with a 2-hour frequency stability of at least 1 part in 2000 near 50 GHz. A Narda horn with a 1 cm by 1.43 cm aperture is positioned about 2 mm above each biological sample, which is a 1-2.5 mm layer that absorbs nearly all incident power. The instrumentation measures net power leaving the horn and uses a standing wave indicator to keep power constant as samples are changed. The exposure chamber is temperature-stabilized by a water bath, and the horn is heated to match the bath temperature.

A SEARCH FOR FREQUENCY-SPECIFIC BIOEFFECTS CAUSED BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

Unknown authors

Monolayer cultures of BHK-21/C13 cells were exposed to E-band microwaves at 292 mW/cm2 or U-band at 177 mW/cm2 for 15 minutes, with four cultures per frequency. Protein synthesis was measured by autoradiography of 3H-methionine incorporation across the waveguide axis, providing data at 16 to 25 power densities per band. Results from 100 frequencies between 43–48 GHz and 65–70 GHz showed no significant difference from sham controls and no evidence of a power window.

MILLIMETER-WAVE RADIATION FAILS TO INDUCE LAMBDA PHAGE EXPRESSION

Unknown authors

THE EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE RADIATION UPON MOLECULAR ORDER IN MULTILAMELLAR AND UNILAMELLAR MEMBRANE SYSTEMS: A RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION

Unknown authors

MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON NATURALLY OCCURRING CELL MEMBRANE CONSTITUENTS: A RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF BOVINE BRAIN SPHINGOMYELINS

Unknown authors

The liposomes undergo thermally induced phase transitions between 30 °C and 40 °C. Samples were exposed to continuous-wave 2.4 GHz microwave radiation at power levels up to 25 mW/cm² while held at 36 °C. An increase in bilayer fluidity appeared above a threshold of 10–15 mW/cm², and at ~20 mW/cm² the fluidity change matched a ~3 °C temperature shift while bulk temperature rose only ~1 °C. The authors concluded a steady-state temperature difference exists between the bilayer interior and the surrounding aqueous medium under these exposure conditions.

MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON ENERGY LEVELS OF BRAIN AND MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMOR

Unknown authors

ELIMINATION OF MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON THE VITALITY OF NERVES AFTER ACTIVE TRANSPORT HAS BEEN BLOCKED

Unknown authors

Researchers exposed paired frog sciatic nerves treated with ouabain to microwaves at a specific absorption rate of 10 W/kg while stimulating at 50 pulse pairs per second. At 50 ppps, ouabain reduced the half-decay time from about two hours to under 30 minutes, and microwave exposure caused no significant further shortening. At a lower stimulation rate of 5 ppps, half-decay times returned to near two hours and again showed no significant difference between exposed and unexposed nerves. The authors suggested that microwave effects on nerve vitality are associated with decay of ionic gradients normally maintained by active transport.