Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed isolated Agrobacterium tumefaciens to square amplitude modulated waves at different extremely low frequencies to find a resonance frequency that inhibits growth. The carrier was a 10 MHz sine wave at ±10 Vpp modulated with ±2 Vpp depth at a constant field strength of 200 V/m and 28 °C. Exposure to 1.0 Hz QAMW for 90 minutes inhibited bacterial growth by 49.2%. Antibiotics became more effective against the bacteria after exposure. In tomato plants, crown gall symptoms were more aggressive with non-exposed bacteria than with exposed bacteria.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
The study evaluated the combined effect of 100 μM temozolomide and a 100 Hz, 100 G electromagnetic field on U87 and T98G human glioma cell lines. Co-treatment synergistically increased apoptosis in both cell lines by raising P53, Bax, and Caspase-3 expression and lowering Bcl-2 and Cyclin-D1 expression. The combination also increased reactive oxygen species production and overexpressed the heme oxygenase-1 gene compared to controls.
Lewis RC et al. · 2017
Researchers numerically compared dosimetric results among adult, child, and infant models for an EAS system operating at 125 kHz and 13.56 MHz. Postures insignificantly influenced dosimetric results when the cross-sectional area under exposure was similar. Although safety limits were unlikely to be exceeded, infants had higher SAR values for brain and central nervous system tissues than adults, by 1.5 times at 125 kHz and 112 times at 13.56 MHz. The infant's specific anatomy, such as a non-proportionally large head and high fat content, did not induce higher SAR values. The numerical models developed, including stroller and postured infant models, could be freely used for nonprofit academic research.
Chen, H, Qu Z, Liu W · 2017
The Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction project was established by the World Weather Research Programme and World Climate Research Programme. Its main deliverable is an extensive database of subseasonal forecasts up to 60 days and reforecasts from 11 operational centers. The database has been available to researchers since May 2015. A preliminary study using the database suggests that S2S models significantly underestimate MJO teleconnection amplitude over the Euro-Atlantic sector. The database also helped show higher probability of landfall for Tropical Cyclone Pam 2–3 weeks in advance.
Unknown authors · 2017
The birds' magnetic compass orientation was disrupted at approximately 2.4, 7, and 20 nT but not at 0.4 nT. The sensitivity threshold of the magnetic compass to the oscillating field was estimated to lie around 2–3 nT. In contrast, European robins were disoriented at 15 nT but could orient at 5 nT.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers investigated the effect of 1950 MHz Universal Mobile Telecommunication System radiofrequency exposure on Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects were measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay after 20-hour exposures at SAR values of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.25 W/kg. Exposure at 0.15 and 0.3 W/kg significantly increased micronucleus frequency without cytotoxicity, while 0.6 and 1.25 W/kg had no effect. Pre-exposure at 1.25 W/kg for 20 hours before MMC treatment significantly reduced micronucleus frequency compared to MMC alone, indicating an adaptive response, whereas pre-exposure at 0.3 W/kg did not.
Unknown authors · 2017
Asian J Pharmaceut Clin Res · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to 900-MHz EMF for 21 days (60 minutes per day) while a control group received no exposure. EMF exposure caused a significant reduction in pyramidal and granular cells in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum compared with the other groups. Treatment with folic acid or Boswellia sacra prevented this neuronal loss, resulting in cell counts similar to unexposed controls.
Li DK et al · 2017
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study of 913 pregnant women to examine the association between high magnetic field exposure and miscarriage risk. Using Cox proportional hazards regression and controlling for multiple factors, they found women with higher magnetic field exposure had 2.72 times the miscarriage risk of those with lower exposure (hazard ratio = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.42–5.19). The increased risk was consistent regardless of the origin of the high magnetic field and was stronger when exposure was measured on a typical pregnancy day.
Momoli F et al. · 2017
Researchers re-analyzed Canadian data from the 13-country Interphone case-control study (2001–2004) to evaluate associations between mobile phone use and risks of brain, acoustic neuroma, and parotid gland tumors. For glioma, the odds ratio for the highest quartile of use (>558 lifetime hours) compared to non-regular users was 2.0 (95% CI 1.2–3.4), and after adjusting for selection and recall biases it became 2.2 (95% limits 1.3–4.1). There was little evidence of increased risk for meningioma, acoustic neuroma, or parotid gland tumors.
Zhang JP et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed adolescent male mice to a 1.8 GHz radiofrequency field for 4 weeks. Depression-like behavior, spatial memory ability, and brain histology did not change obviously after exposure. Anxiety-like behavior increased, and levels of GABA and aspartic acid in the cortex and hippocampus significantly decreased.
Talebnejad MR et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed 40 adult white New Zealand rabbits to GSM-simulated microwave radiation at distances of 10 cm or 30 cm for one or three days. Electroretinography responses measured seven days after exposure showed no statistically significant differences between any groups. Retinal tissue appeared normal without degeneration, but ciliary body congestion occurred more often in rabbits receiving higher microwave doses.
Suzuki S et al. · 2017
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3rd-generation (3G) cellular phone radiofrequency-electromagnetic wave (RF-EMW) exposure on fertilization and embryogenesis in mice. Oocytes and spermatozoa were exposed to 1.95 GHz RF-EMWs at 2 mW/g for 60 minutes or sham exposure. After RF-EMW exposure, in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection were performed. Groups compared were both exposed, both non-exposed, one exposed, and the other non-exposed. Fertilization, embryogenesis, and blastocyst formation rates did not change significantly across the four groups.
Su L, Wei X, Xu Z, Chen G · 2017
Researchers exposed neurogenic A172, U251, and SH-SY5Y cells to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg intermittently for 1, 6, or 24 hours. DNA damage was measured by quantifying γH2AX foci, an early marker of DNA double-strand breaks. Cell cycle progression, proliferation, and viability were assessed using flow cytometry, hemocytometer, and cell counting kit-8 assay. Exposure did not significantly induce γH2AX foci formation or cause abnormal cell cycle progression, proliferation, or viability. Prolonged incubation up to 48 hours after exposure also did not significantly affect cellular behavior.
Shirai T et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and their offspring to eight radiofrequency signals ranging from 800 MHz to 5.2 GHz. The exposure lasted 20 h per day from gestational day 7 through weaning and continued for offspring up to 6 weeks of age. No abnormal findings were observed in the dams, F1 offspring, or F2 offspring across all evaluated parameters. The study concluded that simultaneous whole-body exposure to these frequencies did not show adverse effects on pregnancy or development.
Schoeni A, Roser K, Röösli M. · 2017
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study of 439 Swiss adolescents aged 12-17 years who completed questionnaires about mobile and cordless phone use and symptoms at baseline and one year later. Operator-recorded mobile phone data were obtained for a subgroup of 234 adolescents, and RF-EMF dose measures for the brain and whole body were computed. Data were analyzed using mixed-logistic cross-sectional and cohort models adjusted for confounders. Symptoms such as tiredness were more strongly associated with text message frequency (OR 1.81 cross-sectional, OR 1.87 cohort) than with call duration or RF-EMF dose measures. The pattern of stronger associations with device use than with RF-EMF dose does not support a causal effect of RF-EMF exposure on symptoms.
Schauer I, Mohamad Al-Ali B. · 2017
Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of 468 men attending an infertility clinic from 1993 to 2007. Varicoceles were determined by clinical examination and patients were questioned on cell phone usage and storage fashion. Varicocele showed an effect on sperm concentration, LH, and testosterone. Cell phone storage in trousers pockets showed an influence on the percentage of normal sperm morphology and LH. No combined effect of varicocele and cell phone storage was detected.
Sato Y, Kojimahara N, Yamaguchi N · 2017
The study included 82 patients aged 6 to 18 years diagnosed with brain tumors between 2006 and 2010. Patients were divided into 16 mobile phone owners and 66 non-owners one year before diagnosis. Researchers used three general-population surveys to calculate expected ownership and found age-adjusted standardized ownership ratios of 0.83, 0.51, and 0.75 with confidence intervals of 0.56-1.22, 0.24-1.04, and 0.42-1.32. Mobile phone ownership prevalence among the young patients did not differ from general population estimates.
Park J, Kwon JH, Kim N, Song K · 2017
Researchers exposed HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells to 1950 MHz RF-EMF at a SAR of 6 W/kg for 2 hours per day over 3 days. They analyzed mRNA and protein expression of key genes involved in Aβ processing. In HT22 cells, mRNA levels of APP, BACE1, ADAM10 and PSEN1 decreased, while APP mRNA was unchanged in SH-SY5Y cells. Protein expression of APP and BACE1 and secreted Aβ peptide did not differ significantly between exposed and control cells.
Lahham A, Sharabati A, ALMasri H. · 2017
Researchers conducted 271 measurements at 69 indoor sites in the West Bank to assess public exposure to radiofrequency emissions from wireless local area networks. Power density levels varied from 0.001 to ~1.9 μW cm-2 with an average of 0.12 μW cm-2, and the highest levels were found in university environments. The maximum measured value of ~4.5 μW cm-2 at 20 cm from an access point transmitting large files was 221 times below the ICNIRP general public exposure limit, which was never exceeded. At 1 meter from a laptop, power density was lower than from the access point in both transmit and idle modes, and the estimated specific absorption rate for the user's head ranged from 0.1 to 2 mW/kg.
Haas AJ et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated the effects of a 24-hour millimeter wave exposure at 60.4 GHz with an incident power density of 5 mW/cm² on dopaminergic turnover in NGF-treated PC12 cells. They measured intracellular and extracellular dopamine and DOPAC using high performance liquid chromatography and assessed dopamine transporter expression by immunocytochemistry. Dopamine turnover and DAT protein expression were not impacted by exposure, while extracellular DOPAC accumulation showed a slight non-significant increase attributed to thermal effects.
Ghatei N et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant BALB/c mice to mobile phone jammer radiation at 900 and 1800 MHz on the 19th day of pregnancy. After birth, offspring were divided into four exposure groups and examined at 8-10 weeks of age. Cerebellar expression of bax, bcl-2, p21, and p53 was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Radiation did not change bcl-2 or p53 expression (P>0.05). Radiation decreased bax expression and increased p21 expression compared to controls (P<0.05).
