Hajipour Verdom B, Abdolmaleki P, Behmanesh M. · 2018
Researchers investigated the effects of a homogenous static magnetic field (SMF) on doxorubicin-induced toxicity and proliferation rate of cancer cells. SMF alone decreased cell viability and proliferation rate in MCF-7 and HFF cells, similar to doxorubicin alone. The combination of 10 mT SMF and 0.1 µM doxorubicin decreased viability and proliferation of cancer and normal cells in a synergistic manner. The findings suggest that SMF can decrease the required dose of chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and thereby decrease their side effects.
Glinka M et al. · 2018
Researchers assessed the impact of static magnetic fields of different intensities on redox homeostasis in cultures of fibroblasts. Six chambers with field flux densities varying from 0.1 to 0.7 T were used in the research. ATP concentration and the generation of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, remained stable, while the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase decreased.
Errico Provenzano A et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the differentiation process of acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells that were also treated with ATRA. The NB4 cells used were a cell line established from the bone marrow of a patient affected by acute promyelocytic leukemia. ELF-EMF exposure decreased cellular proliferation potential and helped ATRA-treated NB4 cells to mature. The results indicated that ELF-EMF exposure promotes ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation of these leukemia cells.
Dinčić M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed Wistar albino rats to upward- or downward-oriented static magnetic fields for 50 days, then measured enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers in synaptosomes isolated from the whole rat brain. Chronic exposure to 1 mT static magnetic field significantly increased ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activities, and raised malondialdehyde levels in both exposed groups compared to controls. Synaptosomal catalase activity was significantly decreased in the group exposed to the downward-oriented field compared to both the control group and the upward-oriented field group.
Consales C et al. · 2018
Coballase-Urrutia E et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of static magnetic fields at 0.8 mT on oxidative stress markers in a restraint stress animal model. Exposure to static magnetic fields over 5 days at 30, 60, and 240 minutes per day decreased NO, MDA, AGEs, and AOPP levels and increased SOD and GSH levels, with the response being time-dependent.
Budziosz J et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz, intensity of 10 kV/m, and magnetic induction of 4.3 pT for 22 hours a day to evaluate oxidative stress in central nervous system structures. Mean malondialdehyde levels and total oxidant status in the CNS structures did not differ significantly between the experimental and control groups. Antioxidant enzyme activities in brain structure homogenates were decreased, with the exception of frontal cortex catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and hippocampal glutathione reductase.
Unknown authors · 2017
Abstract Wireless internet (Wi-Fi) electromagnetic waves (2.45 GHz) have widespread usage almost everywhere et al. · 2017
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13102818.2017.1373033 -- Topsakal S et al. · 2017
Sixteen Wistar albino rats were divided into sham and exposure groups, with the exposure group receiving 2.4 GHz RFR from a Wi-Fi generator 24 hours per day for one year at a distance of 50 cm. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. At 6000 Hz, DPOAE values were lower in the exposure group than in the sham group, and at 12 months they were also lower than baseline and 6-month values; at 2000 Hz, DPOAE values at 6 and 12 months were higher than baseline.
Open access paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585657/ -- Yorgancilar E et al. · 2017
Sixteen Wistar albino rats were divided into sham and exposure groups. The exposure group received 2.4 GHz RFR from a Wi-Fi generator for 24 h/day for one year at a distance of 50 cm. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured at baseline, at 6 months, and at 12 months. At 6000 Hz, DPOAE values in the exposure group were lower than in the sham group and also lower at 12 months than at baseline and 6 months, while at 2000 Hz DPOAE values at 6 and 12 months were higher than baseline.
Conclusion The study was an attempt to draw attention towards the adverse effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations (NI-EMR) in the frequency that is used widely in the field of telecommunication et al. · 2017
The study used computer simulations to investigate laptop thermal effects from electromagnetic fields and thermal sources simultaneously. Simulations provided steady-state temperature, SAR distribution, and heat flux beneath the laptop. The laptop in high performance mode generated a peak heat flux of 420 W/m², and combined with 1 W antenna radiation increased lap skin, scrotum, and testis temperatures by 5.6, 2.1, and 1.4 °C respectively. The antenna radiation alone produced peak SAR values of 0.37×10⁻³ W/kg at 2.4 GHz and 0.13×10⁻¹ W/kg at 5 GHz, considered negligible relative to safety standards.
Decreases in sleep duration among U.S. adolescents 2009-2015 & association with new media screen time Twenge JM et al. · 2017
Researchers used yearly nationally representative surveys from Monitoring the Future and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, totaling 369,595 adolescents. The study examined changes in self-reported sleep duration between 2009 and 2015. Adolescents in 2015 were 16%-17% more likely to report sleeping less than 7 hours a night compared to 2009, with short sleep prevalence rising from 35% to 41% and from 37% to 43%. New media screen time increased and was associated with higher odds of short sleep, with a clear exposure-response relationship for electronic devices after two or more hours per day. Other activities such as homework, paid work, and TV watching were stable or declined, making them unlikely causes of the sleep decrease.
Urnukhsaikhan E, Mishig-Ochir T, Kim S-C, Park J-K, Seo Y-K · 2017
Researchers exposed C57B6 mice to LF-PEMF at 60 Hz and 10 mT after inducing ischemic stroke via photothrombotic occlusion. They measured the BDNF/TrkB/Akt signaling pathway, pro-apoptotic and pro-survival protein and gene expressions, inflammatory mediators, and performed behavioral tests. LF-PEMF treatment promoted activation of the BDNF/TrkB/Akt signaling pathway. Pro-survival proteins increased significantly, while pro-apoptotic proteins and inflammatory mediators decreased. The results demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of LF-PEMF exposure after ischemic stroke in mice during recovery.
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers investigated the role of PEMF exposure in regulating glutamate-induced excitotoxicity through the endocannabinoid system. PEMF exposure improved viability of HT22 cells after excitotoxicity and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and cell death. A CB1R specific inhibitor suppressed the protective effects of PEMF exposure, even though CB1R expression did not change. PEMF exposure elevated AEA and 2-AG levels, indicating modulation of the endocannabinoid metabolic system. CB1R/ERK signaling was shown to be an important downstream pathway of PEMF in regulating excitotoxicity.
Unknown authors · 2017
Pregnant mice were exposed continuously to 7.5 kHz magnetic fields at 12 and 120 μT from mating until weaning. The 12 μT group performed better on the Rotarod task and the 120 μT group swam more slowly in the Morris swim task, but these findings were considered likely due to chance. Histopathological analysis revealed no effect on astroglial reactivity or hippocampal neurogenesis.
Unknown authors · 2017
The study examined how low-frequency magnetic fields affect morphine tolerance in rats. Rats received morphine 10 mg/kg daily for eight days and were exposed to magnetic fields at 50 Hz (1, 50, 100 µT) before, immediately, or 30 minutes after each injection, and also to 0.5, 6, 12, and 30 Hz at 100 µT before injection. Exposure to 50 Hz at 1 µT and 30 Hz at 100 µT immediately before injection, and 50 Hz at 100 µT after injection, prevented tolerance, whereas exposure to 50 Hz at 1, 50, and 100 µT 30 minutes after injection did not preserve analgesia.
Choi Y-K et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated the synergistic effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields and sound waves on neural differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Combined exposure accelerated neural-related genes more than individual exposure to either stimulus. The combined wave up-regulated neural and synaptic proteins in 3-D culture through ERK phosphorylation. In a mouse stroke model, combined wave exposure reduced infarction volume and improved behavioral activity.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers studied the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on human bone marrow stromal cells using microarray analysis. PEMF stimulation of the cells mainly affected genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cell structure, and growth receptors or kinase pathways. During differentiation, PEMF regulated the TGF-β signaling pathway and microRNA 21, stimulated Smad2 activation and miR21-5p expression, and decreased Smad7 expression. PEMF increased Runx2 expression, and this increase was prevented by a miR21-5p inhibitor.
Sanie-Jahromi F, Saadat M · 2017
Pesqueira T, Costa-Almeida R, Gomes ME · 2017
Researchers exposed human tendon-derived cells to a low-frequency static magnetic field (2 Hz, 350 mT) using short-term exposures of 4 and 8 hours and long-term regimens of continuous, every 24 hours, or every 48 hours over an 8-hour period. In short-term studies, 8-hour stimulation significantly upregulated the tendon-associated genes SCX, COL1A1, TNC, and DCN and altered intracellular Ca2+ levels. In long-term studies, the every-24-hour regimen upregulated COL1A1, COL3A1, and TNC at day 14, while continuous exposure differentially regulated IL-1β and IL-10 release at day 7.
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed Salmonella Hadar to a 200 mT static magnetic field for 3, 6, and 9 hours and measured gene expression using RT-PCR. No significant differences were found in plsB, cdsA, pgpA, pgsA, and psd expression across exposure times. Significant increases occurred in g3pd and pssA after 6 hours and in cls after 3 hours, but no variation was seen after 9 hours.
Luukkonen J et al. · 2017
Researchers pre-exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to a 50 Hz, 100 μT magnetic field for 24 hours before treating them with menadione for 1 or 3 hours. They measured DNA damage response proteins using immunoblotting, DNA damage with the alkaline Comet assay, and cell cycle distribution with SYTOX Green staining and flow cytometry. The main findings were decreased p21 protein levels after 1-hour menadione treatment and increased G1 phase cells with decreased S phase cells after 3-hour menadione treatment. These effects were also observed without menadione. The authors concluded that magnetic field exposure can alter the G1 checkpoint response and that p21 may be involved in early responses to magnetic field exposure.
Fathi E et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to 0.432 μg/ml ZnSO4 together with a 50 Hz, 20 mT electromagnetic field. The combined treatment increased expression of osteogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium levels. The effect depended on PKA and ERK1/2 signaling, as inhibitors of these pathways blocked the osteogenic promotion. The treatment also raised cAMP and PKA activity and upregulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes.
