Poulsen AH et al. · 2013
Researchers followed 355,701 private mobile phone subscribers in Denmark from 1987 to 1995 through 2007. No overall increased risk was observed for basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or melanoma of the head and neck. After at least 13 years of follow-up, incidence rate ratios for basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma remained near unity.
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. · 2013
Researchers exposed male and female Wistar rats to a 2450 MHz Wi-Fi signal for 1 hour per day, 6 days per week. Exposure lasted 3 weeks for males and 2 weeks for females before mating, then continued for 3 more weeks during gestation. No deleterious effects on reproductive organs or fertility were observed, and no macroscopic abnormalities were found in fetuses even at 4 W/kg.
Mortazavi SM, Shirazi KR, Mortazavi G · 2013
Researchers interviewed and surveyed one thousand two hundred mothers in Shiraz who were at first-term labor. Data collection included assessment of the mother's history of radiography before and during pregnancy, physical examination of the mother for height and weight, and weighing and examining the newborn for any diagnosis of disease and anomalies. The study found no statistically significant difference in mean birth weight between newborns of mothers exposed to sources such as dental radiography, mobile phones, cordless phones, and cathode ray tube (CRT) and those of non-exposed mothers. The authors state that these findings cast doubt on previous reports linking ionizing radiation exposure during pregnancy to increased risk of low birth weight.
Ketabi N, Mobasheri H, Faraji-Dana R. · 2013
Researchers investigated the effects of ultra high frequency nonionizing electromagnetic fields on the channel activities of the nanopore forming protein OmpF porin. Using the voltage clamp technique on an artificial bilayer, they exposed the pore to electromagnetic fields at 910 to 990 MHz and found that the frequency of channel gating and voltage sensitivity increased, while conductance remained unchanged. No changes in membrane capacitance or permeability were identified, and the energy transferred to nano-environments was estimated to address possible thermal effects.
Gurbuz N, Sirav B, Colbay M, Yetkin I, Seyhan N. · 2013
Researchers exposed male Wistar albino rats to 1800 MHz or 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 30 min per day, 6 days per week, for either a month or two months. They measured micronucleus frequency in exfoliated bladder cells as an indicator of genotoxic damage. No significant differences in micronucleus frequency were found between any exposed group and its corresponding control group, nor between the two 2100 MHz exposure durations.
Gómez-Perretta C, Navarro EA, Segura J, Portolés M. · 2013
Researchers re-analyzed data from a 2003 study on health symptoms related to microwave exposure from mobile phone base stations. They used binary logistic regression with bootstrapping to model symptoms as a function of exposure. The symptoms most related to exposure were lack of appetite, lack of concentration, irritability, and trouble sleeping. Concerns about base stations were strongly related to trouble sleeping. The exposure variable remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis.
Gasmelseed A, Yunus J. · 2013
Researchers investigated the interaction of a dipole antenna with a human eye model in the presence of a metamaterial. They used a three-dimensional anatomical model of the human eye with 1.25 mm resolution. The finite difference time domain method with convolutional perfectly matched layer formulation was used. The dipole antenna operated at 900 MHz driven by a modulated Gaussian pulse.
Waldmann P et al. · 2013
Researchers investigated whether GSM 1,800 MHz radiofrequency fields cause genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes. Blood from 20 healthy volunteers was exposed to three specific absorption rates of 0.2, 2, and 10 W/kg and sham for 28 hours. Four genotoxicity tests were conducted, including chromosome aberration, micronucleus, sister chromatid exchange, and comet assays. None of the nine endpoints showed a significant and reproducible exposure effect across the three analyzing laboratories. Positive controls showed highly significant differences from sham exposures, validating the study methods.
Akdag MZ et al. · 2013
No significant differences were found in reproductive or oxidative stress parameters between sham and exposed groups. The 500 μT exposure increased the final apoptosis score compared with sham, whereas the 100 μT exposure did not.
Zhang C, Li Y, Wang C, Lv R, Song T · 2013
Researchers exposed Sprague-Dawley rats to ELF-MF at 100 µT and 50 Hz with or without oral aluminum for 12 weeks. Oral aluminum treatment caused learning and memory impairment, neuronal cell loss, and high amyloid-β density in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. ELF-MF alone showed no significant effect on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Combined ELF-MF and aluminum exposure did not cause more damage than aluminum alone.
Gavoçi E et al. · 2013
Researchers studied the effect of static and alternating extremely low frequency magnetic fields tuned to resonance conditions for potassium on TEA-sensitive voltage-dependent outward potassium currents in the human neuroblastoma BE(2)C cell line. Currents were measured using whole-cell patch clamp before, during, and after exposure. No significant changes in potassium current density were found. The study did not confirm the IPR hypothesis for these currents under the experimental conditions.
Azanza MJ et al. · 2013
Trunk A et al. · 2013
Researchers conducted two double-blind experiments to test effects of a 30-minute 3G UMTS mobile phone-like EMF exposure on human brain electrical activity. In the first experiment with 17 participants, spontaneous EEG spectral power was analyzed in delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands before and after exposure while subjects watched a silent documentary. In the second experiment with 26 participants, auditory event-related potentials and mismatch negativity were measured using a passive oddball paradigm with standard and deviant tones. No measurable effects were found on EEG spectral power in any frequency band. No significant effects were found on the amplitude and latency of ERP components including P50, N100, P200, MMN, and P3a.
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. · 2013
Researchers exposed 19 volunteers to real or sham electromagnetic fields for 3 h before sleep on three consecutive days in a double-blind design. No significant differences were found in subjective feelings, sleep stage percentages, or EEG power spectra between real and sham exposures. The researchers concluded that the exposure had no detectable effects on human sleep.
Loughran SP et al. · 2013
Researchers used a double-blind, randomized, crossover design with 22 adolescents aged 11–13 years. Participants underwent three sessions with mobile phone-like RF EMF signals at two intensities and a sham session. No clear significant effects of RF EMF exposure were found on waking EEG or cognitive performance.
Kim HS et al. · 2013
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into cage-control, sham-exposed, and RFID-exposed groups and exposed to 915 MHz RFID for 8 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 or 16 weeks. The whole-body average specific absorption rate was 4 W/kg. FDG-PET images were obtained the day after RFID exposure using micro-PET with a FDG tracer, and the relative cerebral glucose metabolic rate was unchanged in the frontal, temporal and parietal cortexes of exposed rats compared with cage-control and sham-exposed groups.
Guxens M et al. · 2013
Researchers assessed the association between maternal cell phone and cordless phone use during pregnancy and teacher-reported and maternal-reported child behaviour problems at age 5. A total of 2618 children were included in the study. Prenatal cell phone use showed an increased but non-significant association with teacher-reported overall behaviour problems, without a dose-response relationship. Cordless phone use showed odds ratios below 1 or close to unity for teacher-reported overall behaviour problems. Associations with maternal-reported overall behaviour problems and specific behaviour problem subscales were non-significant.
Aït-Aïssa S et al. · 2013
Researchers investigated bioeffects of WiFi signals on developing nervous systems of young rodents by assessing expression levels of 3-Nitrotyrosine, Hsp25, and Hsp70. Daily 2-hour exposures were performed blind in a reverberation chamber at whole-body specific absorption rates of 0, 0.08, 0.4, and 4 W/kg. No significant difference was observed among exposed and sham-exposed groups. The results suggest repeated WiFi exposure during gestation and early life has no deleterious effects on young rat brains.
Ahlers MT, Ammermüller J · 2013
Researchers studied possible non-thermal effects of RF-EMF on retinal ganglion cells in vitro under constant temperature. Mouse retinae were exposed to GSM-900, GSM-1800, and UMTS at SARs of 0, 0.02, 0.2, 2, and 20 W/kg with temperature controlled within ±0.5 to 1°C. Light responses were recorded before, during, and up to 35 minutes after exposure under double-blind conditions. Comparison of sham and actual exposure distance values showed no significant differences, and regression analysis found no consistent SAR dependence. The authors concluded no acute effects on retinal ganglion cell responses at SARs up to 20 W/kg.
Sudan M, Kheifets LI, Arah OA, Divan HA, Olsen J. · 2013
The study demonstrated complexities of performing a sibling analysis with a re-examination of associations between cell phone exposures and behavioral problems in the Danish National Birth Cohort. The association of behavioral problems with prenatal and postnatal exposure differed between siblings (OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.69-1.66) and non-siblings (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.36-1.74). Within siblings, the association was strongest for first-born children (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 0.86-3.42) and negative for later-born children (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.31-1.25). The study included 52,680 children, including 5,441 siblings, followed up to age 7. Researchers estimated associations between cell phone exposures and behavioral problems while accounting for the random family effect among siblings.
Nyakyi CP, Mrutu SI, Sam A, Anatory J · 2013
The aim of the study was to investigate safety zone determination for wireless cellular towers. A model was developed that takes received power, transmitted power, and transmitter gain as inputs to determine safe distance. Power density and geographical location were measured using a selective radiation meter. Transmitted power, transmitter gain, and tower height were obtained from the network operator. Distance from the radiation source was calculated using the haversine formula based on geographical location.
Wu T, Shao Q, Yang L, Qi D, Lin J, Lin X, Yu Z. · 2013
The study conducted a measurement campaign at 827 base station sites with 6207 measurement points in Guangxi, China. The results showed that GSM band EMF levels near the base stations were very low. Measurement results and risk communication procedures positively influenced public perception of RF EMF exposure and promoted knowledge exchange.
Wang PW, Liu TL, Ko CH, Lin HC, Huang MF, Yeh YC, Yen CF. · 2013
The study examined the association between problematic CPU and suicidal ideation and attempts in 5051 adolescents. About 10.54% of adolescents had problematic CPU, with suicidal ideation rates of 23.50% versus 11.76% and attempt rates of 13.70% versus 5.45%. Family function, but not depression, had a moderating effect on the association between problematic CPU and suicidal ideation and attempt.
Tseng MC, Lin YP, Hu FC, Cheng TJ. · 2013
The study investigated perceived risks of EMFs and other environmental sources and their relationships with psychopathology and self-reported EMF sensitivity. A telephone survey of 1,251 adults found that higher EMF sensitivity, psychopathology, being female, married, more educated, or having a catastrophic illness were linked to higher perceived risks of EMF-related and all environmental sources. Psychopathology did not moderate the association between EMF sensitivity and risk perception.
Thielens A, Vermeeren G, Kurup D, Joseph W, Martens L. · 2013
Compliance boundaries and allowed output powers were determined for the front, back, and side of antennas based on the root-mean-squared electric field, whole-body averaged SAR, and 10 g averaged SAR in the limbs and head and trunk. The study used ICNIRP basic restrictions and reference levels for both general public and occupational exposure. Antennas were designed for GSM900, GSM1800, HSPA, and LTE with output powers up to 300 W at individual frequencies. Boundaries were estimated using finite-difference time-domain simulations with the Virtual Family Male for three directions at 800, 900, 1800, and 2600 MHz.
