Sepehrimanesh M, Kazemipour N, Saeb M, Nazifi S, Davis DL · 2017
Researchers exposed 20 Sprague-Dawley rats to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 0, 1, 2, or 4 hours per day for 30 consecutive days. After 4 hours of daily exposure, ATP synthase beta subunit and hypoxia up-regulated protein 1 precursor were significantly up-regulated. The authors state that these protein increases are related to carcinogenic risk and reproductive damage.
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to 900-MHz EMF for 21 days (60 minutes per day) while a control group received no exposure. EMF exposure caused a significant reduction in pyramidal and granular cells in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum compared with the other groups. Treatment with folic acid or Boswellia sacra prevented this neuronal loss, resulting in cell counts similar to unexposed controls.
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed adult rats to 900-MHz cell phone radiation for one hour daily over 21 days and found significant brain cell death in memory and motor control regions. Two natural compounds, folic acid and Boswellia sacra, protected against this brain damage when given alongside the radiation exposure. The study demonstrates that cell phone frequency radiation can kill brain cells, but certain antioxidants may offer protection.
Akbarnejad Z et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats with Alzheimer's-like brain damage to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 14 days and tested their memory using a water maze. The electromagnetic field exposure significantly improved the rats' learning and memory abilities, even reversing some of the cognitive damage. This suggests that certain electromagnetic frequencies might have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative conditions.
Calabrò E, Magazù S. · 2017
Researchers studied the effects of mobile phone electromagnetic waves on the Amide I and Amide II vibration bands of proteins in bidistilled water solution, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Fourier self-deconvolution analysis. The proteins used were hemoglobin, myoglobin, bovine serum albumin, and lysozyme. The Amide I band increased significantly (p < 0.05) after 4 h of exposure, while the Amide II band did not change significantly.
Othman H, Ammari M, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to 2.45GHz WiFi signals (the same frequency used by most home routers) for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy, then tested their offspring for developmental and behavioral changes. They found that prenatal WiFi exposure altered physical development and caused anxiety, motor problems, and learning difficulties in the young rats, with effects being more severe when combined with maternal stress. The study also revealed oxidative stress (cellular damage) in the brains of exposed offspring.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28288806 -- Hassanshahi A et al. · 2017
This study examined the effects of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi electromagnetic exposure on cognitive function in male rats, specifically testing their ability to recognize objects through vision, touch, and combined sensory modalities. Rats exposed to Wi-Fi radiation for 30 days (12 hours daily) showed impaired discrimination between novel and familiar objects across all recognition tasks tested, and demonstrated increased M1 receptor expression in the hippocampus.
Hassanshahi A et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed 80 male Wistar rats to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation for 30 days at 12 hours per day. Exposed rats could not discriminate between novel and familiar objects in standard, tactile, visual, and cross-modal object recognition tests. M1 receptor expression increased after Wi-Fi exposure. The researchers concluded that chronic Wi-Fi exposure might impair both unimodal and cross-modal information encoding.
Abstract Wireless internet (Wi-Fi) electromagnetic waves (2.45 GHz) have widespread usage almost everywhere et al. · 2017
Kim SJ et al. · 2017
Researchers examined the effects of 60 Hz 0.8 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on a macrophage cell line called RAW 264.7. Under ELF-EMF exposure, production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were increased, and the expression of those genes was also upregulated. Cell proliferation was not altered by ELF-EMF exposure. The researchers suggest that ELF-EMF amplifies inflammatory responses through enhanced macrophage activation and can decrease the effectiveness of antioxidants.
Mokarram P, Sheikhi M, Mortazavi SMJ, Saeb S, Shokrpour N · 2017
Researchers exposed male rats to 900 MHz GSM cell phone radiation for 4 hours and found it altered DNA methylation patterns in colon cells, specifically affecting the estrogen receptor gene. DNA methylation is a process that controls gene activity and plays a role in cancer development. This suggests that cell phone radiation may cause epigenetic changes that could potentially increase colorectal cancer risk.
Kim JH, Kim HJ, Yu DH, Kweon HS, Huh YH, Kim HR. · 2017
Researchers studied the effects of RF-EMF exposure on synaptic vesicles in the cortical neurons of mice. C57 BL/6 mice were exposed to 835 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg SAR for 5 hours daily. The density of synaptic vesicles was significantly decreased in the presynaptic boutons of cortical neurons after exposure. The expression of synapsins I/II genes and proteins was also significantly decreased in exposed mice.
Marjanovic Cermak AM, Pavicic I, Trosic I · 2017
Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 10, 30, and 60 minutes at an electric field strength of 30 V m-1 and a specific absorption rate of 1.6 W kg-1. Cell viability remained within normal physiological values after radiation exposure. Significantly higher ROS levels were observed at every radiation exposure time tested. After 60 minutes of exposure, the radiation caused significant lipid and protein damage. The highest glutathione concentration was detected after 10 minutes of exposure.
Bahreyni Toossi MH et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant mice to cell phone radiation (900-1800 MHz) for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy, then examined tissue damage in both mothers and their newborns after birth. They found significant oxidative stress (cellular damage from harmful molecules) in the heart, liver, kidney, brain areas of both mothers and offspring. This suggests that prenatal cell phone exposure may cause lasting tissue damage that affects both the pregnant mother and developing baby.
Medina-Fernandez FJ et al. · 2017
Researchers injected rats with a single dose of 150 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG, fragment 35–55) to produce experimental multiple sclerosis. The MOG injection caused motor symptoms such as tail paralysis and limb paresis/paralysis, along with oxidative stress and cell death similar to MS. Rats were then treated with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields applied as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT for 2 hours a day, once a day, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. The researchers found that TMS attenuated motor symptoms and oxidative and cell damage, and also increased the antioxidant system.
Medina-Fernandez FJ et al. · 2017
Researchers used magnetic field therapy (similar to medical TMS treatment) on rats with an artificially induced multiple sclerosis-like condition. The 60 Hz magnetic fields at 0.7 milliTesla significantly reduced brain damage, improved motor symptoms, and decreased harmful oxidative stress. This suggests that controlled magnetic field exposure might have therapeutic potential for neurological conditions involving brain inflammation.
Kim JH et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed C57BL/6 mice to 835 MHz RF-EMF at an SAR of 4.0 W/kg for 12 weeks, then analyzed the hippocampus and brain stem. Several autophagic genes were significantly upregulated only in the hippocampus and not in the brain stem. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an increase in the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in the hippocampal neurons of exposed mice.
Chandel S, Kaur S, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. · 2017
Researchers exposed onion roots to 2100 MHz cell phone radiation for 1-4 hours and measured cellular damage markers. The exposure triggered increased production of harmful reactive oxygen species (unstable molecules that damage cells) and forced the plants to ramp up their antioxidant defenses. This demonstrates that cell phone frequencies can disrupt normal cellular processes even in plant tissue.
Ghatei N et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant BALB/c mice to mobile phone jammer radiation at 900 and 1800 MHz on the 19th day of pregnancy. After birth, offspring were divided into four exposure groups and examined at 8-10 weeks of age. Cerebellar expression of bax, bcl-2, p21, and p53 was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Radiation did not change bcl-2 or p53 expression (P>0.05). Radiation decreased bax expression and increased p21 expression compared to controls (P<0.05).
Sharma A, Kesari KK, Saxena VK, Sisodia R. · 2017
Researchers exposed young mice to 10 GHz microwave radiation (similar to some WiFi and cellular frequencies) for 2 hours daily over 15 days and found significant damage to developing brains. The exposed mice showed impaired spatial memory, disrupted brain chemistry, and visible tissue damage in key brain regions including the hippocampus. These effects persisted weeks after exposure ended, suggesting the developing brain is particularly vulnerable to microwave radiation.
Sharma A, Kesari KK, Saxena VK, Sisodia R · 2017
Researchers exposed young mice to 10 GHz microwave radiation (similar to frequencies used in radar and some wireless communications) for 2 hours daily over 15 days. The exposed mice showed impaired spatial memory, brain tissue damage, and disrupted brain chemistry both immediately after exposure and weeks later. This suggests that developing brains may be particularly vulnerable to microwave radiation effects that persist even after exposure ends.
Shirai T et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and their offspring to eight radiofrequency signals ranging from 800 MHz to 5.2 GHz. The exposure lasted 20 h per day from gestational day 7 through weaning and continued for offspring up to 6 weeks of age. No abnormal findings were observed in the dams, F1 offspring, or F2 offspring across all evaluated parameters. The study concluded that simultaneous whole-body exposure to these frequencies did not show adverse effects on pregnancy or development.
Djordjevic NZ, Paunović MG, Peulić AS · 2017
Researchers investigated whether short-term exposure to ELF-EMF at 50 Hz could produce anxiety-like behaviour in rats through changes in hypothalamic oxidative stress and nitric oxide. Ten adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into a control group with no exposure and an experimental group exposed to the field during 7 days, after which open field and elevated plus maze tests measured anxiety-like behaviour. The exposed rats showed anxiety-like behaviour and higher concentrations of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the hypothalamus, while peroxynitrite concentration was not affected.
Türedi S, Kerimoğlu G, Mercantepe T, Odacı E. · 2017
Malondialdehyde levels increased in the EMF group compared to both control and sham groups in kidney and bladder tissues, while catalase and glutathione levels decreased. Kidney tissue in the EMF group showed dilatation and vacuolization in tubules, glomerular degeneration, and increased apoptotic cells. Bladder tissue in the EMF group showed degeneration in the transitional epithelium, stromal irregularity, and increased apoptotic cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed glomerular capillary degeneration with capillary basement membranes in the EMF group.
Djordjevic NZ, Paunović MG, Peulić AS. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as household electricity) for seven days and found it caused anxiety-like behaviors. The EMF exposure increased harmful oxidative stress compounds in the brain region that controls stress responses. This suggests that common power line frequencies may directly affect brain chemistry and emotional well-being.
