Ziemann C et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed male and female B6C3F1 mice to GSM 902 MHz and DCS 1747 MHz signals for two years. The exposure regimen was 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, at whole-body averaged SARs of 0.4, 1.3, and 4.0 W/kg. Micronuclei were counted in peripheral blood erythrocytes stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa or acridine orange. No significant differences in micronuclei frequency were observed between RF-exposed, sham-exposed, and cage control mice. Positive control mice injected with mitomycin C had significantly increased micronuclei, and the authors concluded that the data did not indicate RF-induced genotoxicity after two years.
Moisescu MG, Leveque P, Verjus MA, Kovacs E, Mir LM. · 2009
The exposure increased Lucifer Yellow uptake, and this increase was not due to heating. Chlorpromazine and ethanol blocked the increase while Filipin did not, indicating involvement of clathrin-coated vesicles.
Acar GO, Yener HM, Savrun FK, Kalkan T, Bayrak I, Enver O. · 2009
Tissue temperature around the facial nerve was measured with a four-channel Luxtron fiber optic system and rose by 0.39 K during and immediately after exposure, returning to baseline after 25 minutes. Facial nerve compound muscle action potential amplitudes decreased significantly after exposure but returned to normal at the 25-minute measurement.
Unknown authors · 2009
Amoako JK, Fletcher JJ, Darko EO. · 2009
Researchers surveyed radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation at public access points near cellular phone base stations operated by the Ghana Telecommunications Company. Measurements were made using a hand-held spectrum analyser to determine electric field levels within the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands. Power densities at public access points ranged from 0.01 to 10 microW m(-2) at 900 MHz, and from 0.01 to 100 microW m(-2) at 1800 MHz. The results were within international guidance levels but were 20 times higher than results generally obtained for such a practice elsewhere.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L · 2009
Researchers exposed 41 volunteers to cell phone radiation for 30 minutes and measured blood markers that indicate whether the blood-brain barrier (the protective shield around your brain) had been compromised. They found that one marker called transthyretin increased significantly after exposure, suggesting the radiation may have affected this critical barrier. This is concerning because a compromised blood-brain barrier could allow harmful substances to enter the brain more easily.
Trosić I, Pavicić I. · 2009
The study aimed to determine the influence of mobile phone frequency radiation on proliferation, cytoskeleton structure, and mitotic index of V79 cells after 1, 2, and 3 hours of exposure. V79 cells were exposed to continuous-wave 935 MHz radiation at an electric field strength of (8.2+/-0.3) V m(-1) and a specific absorption rate of 0.12 W kg(-1). Cell proliferation declined in cells exposed for three hours when measured 72 hours after irradiation. Microtubule structure was clearly altered immediately after three hours of irradiation. The mitotic index in exposed cells did not differ from negative controls.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L · 2009
Swedish researchers exposed 41 volunteers to 30 minutes of 890 MHz mobile phone radiation (1.0 W/kg) and measured blood markers that indicate if the blood-brain barrier was damaged. While one marker (S100B) showed no change, transthyretin levels increased significantly 60 minutes after exposure, suggesting possible barrier disruption.
Kwon MS et al. · 2009
Researchers recorded mismatch negativity responses to duration, intensity, frequency, and gap changes in 17 healthy young adults while a GSM phone was placed on either ear with the field on or off. The mismatch negativity was elicited by all deviant types, but its amplitude and latency showed no significant differences due to EMF exposure for any deviant type. The authors concluded there was no conclusive evidence that acute GSM mobile phone EMF exposure affects cortical auditory change detection processing reflected by the mismatch negativity.
Kwon MS et al. · 2009
Researchers tested whether cell phone radiation affects the brain's ability to automatically detect changes in sounds by measuring brain waves in 17 healthy adults while a GSM phone was placed next to their ear. They found no differences in brain responses whether the phone was on or off, suggesting that acute exposure to cell phone radiation doesn't impair this basic auditory processing function. This study adds to research examining how electromagnetic fields might affect brain function during everyday phone use.
Finnie JW, Chidlow G, Blumbergs PC, Manavis J, Cai Z.. · 2009
Researchers exposed pregnant mice to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for one hour daily throughout pregnancy to see if it caused stress in developing fetal brains. They measured heat shock proteins, which are biological markers that cells produce when under stress. The study found no evidence that the radiation caused stress responses in the fetal brain tissue, suggesting no detectable harm at the exposure levels tested.
Pérez-Castejón C et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human astrocytoma cells (Clonetics line 1321N1) to a 9.6 GHz carrier wave amplitude-modulated by extremely low frequency pulses in a GTEM cell. The exposure parameters included pulse widths of 100-120 ns, pulse repetition frequencies of 100-800 Hz, power of 0.34-0.60 mW, electric field strength of 1.25-1.64 V/m, and a SAR of 4.0 x 10-4 W/Kg. Cells were exposed for 15, 30, 60 minutes, and 24 hours using a double-blind method with sham controls. Cytoskeleton proteins, cell morphology, and viability were unchanged, but cell proliferation rate increased significantly after 24 hours of exposure. Hsp-70 and Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins were present in both control and exposed samples, while connexin 43 protein expression increased in exposed samples.
Aldinucci C et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed synaptosomes to a peak magnetic field of 2 mT for 2 hours. They evaluated mitochondrial respiration rate, ATP production, membrane potential, intrasynaptosomal calcium concentration, and release of free iron and F2-isoprostanes. Oxygen consumption and ATP production remained unchanged in exposed synaptosomes. Intrasynaptosomal calcium concentration decreased slowly with no membrane depolarization detected, and free iron and F2-isoprostane release remained unchanged.
Henrykowska G et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human blood platelet suspensions for 15 minutes to a 50 Hz magnetic field of different shapes at a flux density of 10 mT. The study measured catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde concentration, and free radical generation in human blood platelets. Free radicals, malondialdehyde, and catalase all showed increased values compared with the initial level regardless of field shape, while superoxide dismutase activity was lower than at the onset of the experiment.
Unknown authors · 2009
The study aimed to determine the effects of an extremely low-frequency 50 Hz magnetic field on oviposition and development in Drosophila melanogaster. Exposure of parental females and all F1 developmental stages to the field weakened oviposition in subsequent generations.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers measured magnetic field exposure in 121 workers and tested their immune system function. Workers exposed to magnetic fields above 1 microTesla showed significantly reduced natural killer cell activity, which are crucial immune cells that fight cancer and infections. This suggests workplace EMF exposure may weaken immune defenses.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed fruit flies to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency used in European power grids) and found that exposure reduced egg-laying ability in subsequent generations. The effects persisted across multiple generations, suggesting that electromagnetic field exposure can have lasting reproductive consequences that extend beyond the initially exposed organisms.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed 10 male and 10 female healthy volunteers to a 200 microT, 60 Hz magnetic field for 4 hours, with five male and five female volunteers as sham controls. There was no evidence of increased DNA damage or increased micronuclei in the magnetic field exposed group. A 1.5 Gy gamma-irradiation positive control caused a significant increase in both DNA damage and micronuclei.
Ciejka EB, Goraca A · 2009
The study tested whether a time-variable magnetic field affects heart rate and plasma antioxidant capacity. Tests were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the magnetic field at a frequency of 40 Hz and induction of 7 mT for 30 and 60 minutes. A significant decrease of the heart rate was observed after 14 days of exposure. Exposure at 60 minutes for 14 days caused a significant decrease of the organism antioxidant defence.
Finnie JW, Blumbergs PC, Cai Z, Manavis J · 2009
Researchers exposed mice to 900 MHz radiofrequency fields at a specific absorption rate of 4 W/kg for 60 minutes or for 5 days per week over 104 weeks. Control mice were sham-exposed or freely moving to account for restraint stress, and a positive control group received a clostridial toxin that upregulates aquaporin-4. No immunohistochemically detectable up-regulation of aquaporin-4 was observed in exposed mouse brains after either short or long exposure durations.
Finnie JW, Blumbergs PC, Cai Z, Manavis J. · 2009
Researchers exposed mice to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for either one hour or repeatedly over two years to see if it would damage the blood-brain barrier - the protective shield that keeps toxins out of the brain. They looked for increased levels of aquaporin-4, a protein that indicates barrier damage. The study found no changes in this protein after either short-term or long-term exposure, suggesting the blood-brain barrier remained intact.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed MCF-7 breast cancer cells from two sources to homogeneous 50-Hz electromagnetic fields at 1.2 microT. Gene expression was measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure markedly increased urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 expression, marginally increased the urokinase receptor in one cell line, and slightly decreased tissue plasminogen activator expression. The authors suggest that EMFs may increase the metastatic potential of breast tumors.
Unknown authors · 2009
German researchers exposed breast cancer cells to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields at 1.2 microTesla (similar to power line levels) and found the EMF increased production of proteins that help cancer spread to other parts of the body. The study suggests that common household electromagnetic field exposure might make existing breast tumors more likely to metastasize.
Strasák L, Bártová E, Krejci J, Fojt L, Vetterl V. · 2009
Researchers exposed female and male laboratory mice for 4 days to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 2 mT inside a cylindrical coil. After exposure, levels of the proteins c-Jun and c-Fos in different parts of the brain were measured using Western-blot techniques. The expression of c-Jun decreased after magnetic field exposure, while c-Fos expression was not affected, and neither result depended on the sex of the mice.
Strasák L, Bártová E, Krejci J, Fojt L, Vetterl V. · 2009
Researchers exposed laboratory mice to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 2 milliTesla) for four days and measured changes in brain proteins. They found that exposure decreased levels of c-Jun, a protein involved in cellular stress responses and gene regulation, while another protein (c-Fos) remained unchanged. This suggests that even short-term exposure to magnetic fields can alter brain biochemistry at the cellular level.
