EMF Research Studies

In vitro chondrogenic differentiation of human articular cartilage derived chondroprogenitors using pulsed electromagnetic field

Vinod E, Kachroo U, Rebekah G, Thomas S, Ramasamy B · 2020

Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Increase Angiogenesis and Improve Cardiac Function After Myocardial Ischemia in Mice

Peng L, Fu C, Liang Z, Zhang Q, Xiong F, Chen L, He C, Wei Q · 2020

Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Signaling in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Unknown authors · 2020

The study investigated molecular events associated with the synergistic activity of PEMFs and BMP2 on osteogenic differentiation. Human MSCs were exposed to PEMFs at 75 Hz and 1.5 mT in combination with BMP2 at the minimal dose able to induce differentiation. Researchers analyzed changes in BMP signaling pathway gene expression and phosphorylation of downstream proteins including SMAD1/5/8 and MAPK. Results showed synergistic activity on osteogenic differentiation transcription factors and markers, with increased BMP2, BMP6, and BMP type I receptor gene expression and activation of SMAD1/5/8 and p38 MAPK.

Brain Sci 10(5):266, 2020

Unknown authors · 2020

Estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific radiofrequency electromagnetic fields doses and brain volumes in preadolescents

Unknown authors · 2020

Researchers conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2,592 preadolescents aged 9 to 12 years from the Generation R Study in Rotterdam. An integrated model estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses from sources such as mobile and DECT phone calls, other mobile phone uses, tablet use, laptop use, and far-field sources. Overall whole-brain and lobe-specific RF-EMF doses from all sources together, from mobile and DECT phone calls, and from far-field sources were not associated with global, cortical, or subcortical brain volumes. A higher whole-brain dose from mobile phone use for internet browsing, e-mailing, and text messaging, tablet use, and laptop use while wirelessly connected to the internet was associated with a smaller caudate volume.

Comparative cyto- and genotoxicity of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz electromagnetic field radiations in root meristems of Allium cepa

Kumar A, Kaur S, Chandel S, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK · 2020

The Effects of Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Radiation on Cochlear Stria Marginal Cells in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Unknown authors · 2020

The study applied 1,800 MHz mobile phone RFR at 2 and 4 W/kg with a 5-minute on, 10-minute off cycle for 24 hours. They measured DNA damage, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species in marginal cells using Comet assay, flow cytometry, DAPI staining, and a fluorescent probe. No DNA damage or increase in apoptosis was observed, but ROS production was significantly higher in the 4 W/kg group compared with controls.

Effect of electromagnetic radiation on redox status, acetylcholine esterase activity and cellular damage contributing to the diminution of the brain working memory in rats

Sharma S, Shukla S · 2020

Exposed rats showed significantly increased malondialdehyde and depleted superoxide dismutase, catalase, and redox enzymes indicating oxidative stress. Acetylcholinesterase levels were depleted, indicating altered neurotransmission. Cellular degeneration was observed in the hippocampus of radiation-exposed rats. The study concluded that microwave radiation induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and working memory reduction in a time-dependent manner.

Lipid Oxidation Induced by RF Waves and Mediated by Ferritin Iron Causes Activation of Ferritin-Tagged Ion Channels

Hernández-Morales M, Shang T, Chen J, Han V, Liu C · 2020

The study used the FeRIC system to uncover how RF waves activate ferritin-tagged ion channels. In cells with TRPVFeRIC channels, RF increased the labile iron pool in a ferritin-dependent way. The released iron produced reactive oxygen species and oxidized lipids that activated the channels. The pathway suggests RF could similarly activate other lipid-sensitive TRP channels.

The radio-protective effect of rosmarinic acid against mobile phone and Wi-Fi radiation-induced oxidative stress in the brains of rats

Asl JF, Goudarzi M, Shoghi H · 2020

Evaluation of Wi-Fi Radiation Effects on Antibiotic Susceptibility, Metabolic Activity and Biofilm Formation by Escherichia Coli 0157H7, Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermis

Said-Salman IH, Jebali FA, Yusef HH, Mustafa ME · 2019

A Wi-Fi router was used as a source of microwaves and bacterial cells were exposed continuously for 24 and 48 hours. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion on Müller Hinton agar, motility of Escherichia coli O157H7 was assessed on motility agar, and metabolic activity and biofilm formation were measured with MTT assay and crystal violet quantification. Exposure altered motility and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157H7, did not change antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermis, and increased metabolic activity and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli O157H7, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis.

Problematic cell phone use, depression, anxiety, and self-regulation: Evidence from a three year longitudinal study from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Computers in Human Behavior

Coyne SM, Stockdale L, Summers K · 2019

NASA's SMAP mission conducted a field experiment over two 40-km agricultural domains in Iowa and Manitoba in summer 2016 with airborne PALS flights and intensive ground measurements. The experiment had two observation periods capturing early-season low vegetation and later-season high vegetation conditions. PALS brightness temperature measurements compared to SMAP showed an RMSD of 2.8 K for vertical polarization and 4.0 K for horizontal polarization. Using seasonally variable parameters allowed satisfactory soil moisture retrieval accuracy. The results suggested that rapidly growing vegetation and early-season surface condition changes not captured by the SMAP algorithm caused SMAP retrieval errors.

(2019) Real-world cell phone radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposures

Wall et al · 2019

Researchers measured RF EMF exposure from cell phones on four major US networks under strong and weak signal conditions at distances up to 48 cm. Exposures were up to four orders of magnitude higher under weak signal conditions than under strong signal conditions. Under weak signal conditions, power density reductions of up to 90% occurred at 16 cm compared to the 4 cm near-ear exposure. Bluetooth headset exposures were 10 to 400 times lower than direct near-ear exposures from the connected phones.

J Biomed Phys Eng

Mortazavi et al · 2019

Researchers studied the bioconjugation efficiency of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles with diameters of 20–40 nm that were functionalized by plasma for virus detection applications. The nanoparticles were functionalized with amino groups using radio frequency wave-excited inductively-coupled argon and ammonia gas plasmas, with amino group population varied by changing plasma operating conditions. Bioconjugation efficiency was tested using a biotin–avidin system where amino-modified nanoparticles were immobilized with biotin and then analyzed for avidin interaction using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The plasma-functionalized nanoparticles showed highly efficient bioconjugation properties. The results suggest feasibility for a highly sensitive virus capturing system.

Myrciaria dubia "camu camu" flour as a magnetoprotector in male mouse infertility

Torres L, Guevara B, Cruz V, Valdivia M · 2019

Researchers evaluated the effect of camu camu flour on oxidative damage from ELF-MF at 610 μT by measuring mitochondrial oxidoreductase enzyme activity over a full sperm cycle in mice. The magnetic field significantly decreased sperm quality. Mice given camu camu flour at 50 and 75 mg/kg body mass during exposure showed significant recovery in sperm viability, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, and epididymal sperm index.

Effects of uninterrupted sinusoidal LF- EMF stimulation on LTP induced by different combinations of TBS/HFS at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 of synapses

Zheng Y, Ma XX, Dong L, Ma W, Cheng JH · 2019

Effects of exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on hippocampal long-term potentiation in hippocampal CA1 region

Zheng Y, Cheng J, Dong L, Ma X, Kong Q · 2019

Isoflurane preconditioning ameliorates electromagnetic pulse-induced neural damage by shifting microglia polarization toward anti-inflammatory phenotype via upregulation of SOCS1

Zhang X, Lv M, Zhu X, Tian L, Li J, Shao Y, Gao C, Sun X · 2019

Researchers exposed rats to electromagnetic pulse with or without isoflurane preconditioning and analyzed brain samples for microglia markers and inflammatory mediators. They also used SOCS1 siRNA in cultured microglia cells to test SOCS1's role. Electromagnetic pulse exposure made microglia pro-inflammatory, increased inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, activated the TLR4 pathway, and caused neuronal death. Isoflurane preconditioning reversed these changes and switched microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Blocking SOCS1 eliminated the protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning.

Transcranial Magneto- Acoustic Stimulation Improves Neuroplasticity in Hippocampus of Parkinson's Disease Model Mice

Wang Y, Feng L, Liu S, Zhou X, Yin T, Liu Z, Yang Z · 2019

Correlation between the Lunar Phase and Tail-Lifting Behavior of Lizards (Pogona vitticeps) Exposed to an Extremely Low- Frequency Electromagnetic Field. Animals (Basel)

Nishimura T, Tada H, Fukushima M · 2019

Static magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex impairs online but not offline motor sequence learning

Lacroix A et al. · 2019

Thirty-nine participants completed two sessions 24 hours apart while learning a serial reaction time task with their right hand. In the first session, one group received stimulation over the left primary motor cortex, another over the right primary motor cortex, and a third received sham stimulation. Stimulation over the left primary motor cortex impaired online learning compared with the other groups, but did not impair offline learning or relearning.

Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on the behavior and bioenergetics of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor

Jakubowska M, Urban-Malinga B, Otremba Z, Andrulewicz E · 2019

Researchers exposed the polychaete Hediste diversicolor to a 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field typical of submarine cable environments. The worms showed no avoidance or attraction, but their burrowing activity increased, indicating a stimulating effect on bioturbation. Food consumption and respiration rates were unchanged, while ammonia excretion was significantly lower than in control animals kept in the geomagnetic field.

Hypomagnetic fields cause anxiety in adult male mice

Ding H-M et al. · 2019

Researchers exposed adult male C57BL/6 mice to a 3-axis Helmholtz-coil hypomagnetic field simulation system for 72 hours. Short-term hypomagnetic field exposure induced a significant increase in anxiety-related behaviors. The findings provide important information for psychological intervention and health care of astronauts.

The reliability of the RNA-seq data were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT- PCR)

Sun L, Li X, Ma H, He R, Donkor PO · 2019

Extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields affect proangiogenic-related gene expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells

Unknown authors · 2019

Researchers exposed primary cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells to 50 Hz extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields for three days. They measured cell proliferation and apoptosis using ELISA and assessed gene expression of proangiogenic factors using RT-PCR. The exposure did not change cell proliferation or cell death, but it significantly increased the transcript levels of several proangiogenic genes including HIF-1α, VEGFA, VEGFR-2, CTGF, cathepsin D, TIMP-1, E2F3, MMP-2, and MMP-9.