Tornros JE, Bolling AK. · 2005
The study examined effects of handheld and handsfree mobile phone dialling and conversation on simulated driving performance. Dialling and conversation both impaired peripheral detection, but dialling increased lateral position deviation while conversation decreased it for both phone modes. Dialling reduced speed most with handsfree, conversation reduced speed only with handheld, and mental workload remained markedly increased despite compensatory speed reductions.
Straume A, Oftedal G, Johnsson A · 2005
One healthy male subject participated in the study. The subject held the phone in a normal position while the phone was off, on with a 50 Ohm load replacing the antenna to remove RF exposure, and on while transmitting RF fields. The phone’s output power was set to its minimum and maximum levels. The experiment was double blind. Skin temperature changes were calculated on the exposed side of the head relative to the unexposed side after 15 and 30 minutes of use.
Sievert U, Eggert S, Pau HW · 2005
Researchers tested 12 healthy people with normal hearing by recording auditory brain stem reflexes before, during, and after exposure to electromagnetic emissions from standardized mobile phone devices. Two modes of electromagnetic emissions fields were used: pulsed and continuous. No impact on auditory brain stem reflexes recordings in terms of absolute and interpeak latencies was found, and the authors concluded no adverse short-term effects on ear function.
Schoemaker MJ et al. · 2005
Researchers conducted six population-based case-control studies in four Nordic countries and the UK to assess acoustic neuroma risk in relation to mobile phone use. Data were collected by personal interview from 678 cases of acoustic neuroma and 3553 controls. The risk of acoustic neuroma in relation to regular mobile phone use was not raised (OR=0.9, 95% CI 0.7-1.1). Risk of a tumour on the same side of the head as reported phone use was raised for use for 10 years or longer (OR=1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.1).
Schmid G, Sauter C, Stepansky R, Lobentanz IS, Zeitlhofer J · 2005
Researchers exposed 58 healthy volunteers to a generic 1.97 GHz UMTS-like signal in a double-blinded crossover design. Each subject completed four clinical visual perception tests under high exposure, low exposure, and sham conditions. High exposure produced an average SAR of 0.63 W/kg (1 g) and 0.37 W/kg (10 g) in the left temporal cortex. No statistically significant differences in visual perception parameters were found between any exposure condition and sham.
Preece AW et al. · 2005
Researchers tested 18 children aged 10 to 12 years using a randomized three-way crossover design with exposures of 0, 0.025, or 0.25 W from a Nokia 3110 handset. Baseline reaction times were considerably slower than in adults. There was a tendency for shorter reaction times during exposure, most marked for simple reaction time, but no effects reached statistical significance after Bonferroni correction.
Pau HW, Sievert U, Eggert S, Wild W · 2005
Researchers applied a simulated GSM signal to one ear at a time while recording video nystagmography in 13 volunteers. No EM radiation-induced nystagmus was recorded in any volunteer. In human temporal bones, very weak caloric effects were only found near the antenna, while the horizontal semicircular canal seemed unaffected with temperature changes below 0.1 degree C.
Ozguner M et al. · 2005
Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into a control group and an EMF group exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 30 minutes per day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Testicular weight, biopsy score, and interstitial tissue percentage did not differ significantly between groups. Seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelium height were significantly decreased in the EMF group. Serum testosterone was significantly lower in the EMF group, while LH and FSH did not change significantly.
Miyakoshi J et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed human glioma MO54 cells to a continuous wave 1950 MHz RF field at SARs of 1, 2, and 10 W/kg for up to 2 hours. Cell growth was assessed by counting cell numbers up to 4 days after exposure. RF exposure at 2 and 10 W/kg did not affect the growth of MO54 cells. However, exposure at 10 W/kg for 1 and 2 hours significantly decreased the protein level of phosphorylated Hsp27 at serine 78.
Lonn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. · 2005
Lim HB, Cook GG, Barker AT, Coulton LA. · 2005
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood to 900 MHz fields at specific absorption rates of 0.4, 2.0, and 3.6 W/kg for durations of 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours. Heat stress at 42 degrees Celsius increased the number of cells expressing HSP70 and HSP27 in a time-dependent manner. No statistically significant difference in stress protein expression was detected after RF-field exposure.
Laszlo et al. · 2005
Researchers measured heat-shock factor DNA-binding activity in hamster, mouse, and human cells after exposure to FDMA- or CDMA-modulated microwaves at low or high SARs. The assay could detect a 10% increase in HSF activation from a 1°C temperature rise. No increase in HSF DNA-binding ability was detected from any exposure tested. The results do not support activation of the stress response by mobile communication microwaves.
Kuribayashi M et al. · 2005
Researchers investigated possible effects of 1439 MHz electromagnetic near field exposure on the blood-brain barrier in immature (4 weeks old) and young (10 weeks old) rats. Expression of the three genes was not pathologically changed by EMF at any exposure level or age, and vascular permeability measured with FITC-dextran FD20 was not affected. The findings suggest that local head exposure to 1439 MHz EMF exerts no adverse effects on the BBB in immature and young rats.
Koyu A, Cesur G, Ozguner F, Akdogan M, Mollaoglu H, Ozen S. · 2005
The study examined effects of 900 MHz EMF on thyroid hormones in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Thirty rats were divided into control, EMF-exposed, and sham-exposed groups of ten each. Exposed rats received 30 minutes of EMF per day, five days a week, for four weeks. TSH and T3-T4 levels were significantly lower in the EMF group than in the sham group (p<0.01). No significant differences were found between control and sham groups (p>0.05).
Koyu A et al. · 2005
Researchers studied the effects of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz EMF on nocturnal serum melatonin in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed for 30 minutes per day, five days per week for four weeks. Serum melatonin concentrations were measured at 12:00 pm using a radioimmunoassay method. No statistically significant differences in melatonin levels were found between the 900 MHz exposed group and the sham group, nor between the 1800 MHz exposed group and the sham group.
Iudice A et al. · 2005
Twenty-three young healthy participants completed a 10 km simulated drive under four counterbalanced conditions: alcohol alone, alcohol with 19 h wakefulness, alcohol with 24 h wakefulness, and sober. The combination of alcohol and 24 h wakefulness produced the highest driving impairment, significantly greater than alcohol alone. Alcohol with 19 h wakefulness significantly affected only the time-to-collision measure, while alcohol alone in rested conditions did not significantly change any study measure.
Haarala C et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed 32 children aged 10-14 to a 902 MHz GSM mobile phone in active and inactive conditions while they performed cognitive tests. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in reaction times or accuracy between the phone-on and phone-off conditions across all tests. The authors concluded that a standard mobile phone has no effect on children's cognitive function as measured by response speed and accuracy.
Degrave E, Autier P, Grivegnee AR, Zizi M. · 2005
Researchers studied all-cause mortality in 27,671 Belgian militaries who served in radar battalions from 1963 to 1994, observed from 1968 to 2003. A control group of 16,128 militaries who were never exposed to radars was used for comparison. The age-standardized mortality ratio was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.95-1.16) in professional militaries and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75-0.85) in conscripts. No difference in mortality was found based on duration of service or period of service among professional militaries. Over the 40-year observation period, there was no increase in all-cause mortality in those with close contact to radar equipment.
Christensen et al. · 2005
Researchers conducted a nationwide population-based case-control study in Denmark. Cellular telephone use was associated with lower risk for high-grade glioma (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37-0.90). Risk estimates were near unity for low-grade glioma (OR 1.08) and meningioma (OR 1.00). The results did not support an association between cellular telephone use and risk for glioma or meningioma.
Besset A, Espa F, Dauvilliers Y, Billiard M, de Seze R. · 2005
The study investigated the effects of daily exposure to GSM 900 type MP on cognitive function. Fifty-five subjects were divided into two groups matched for age, gender, and IQ. The double-blind study lasted 45 days with baseline, exposure, and recovery periods.
Zeni O et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood leukocytes from healthy volunteers to a 900 MHz GSM signal for 2 hours at SARs of 0.3 and 1 W/kg. DNA damage was assessed with the comet assay, chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges were measured in stimulated lymphocytes, and cell proliferation was evaluated via the mitotic index. No statistically significant differences were observed between exposed and sham-exposed samples for any of these endpoints, while positive controls showed the expected increases in DNA damage.
Szyjkowska A et al. · 2005
A survey using a self-reported questionnaire was conducted among randomly selected university students in Lodz, Central Poland. Out of 160 questionnaires distributed, 140 were completed and 117 were analyzed after excluding respondents with pre-existing health problems. The participants were 61 males and 56 females, with most rating their health as good or very good. Seventy percent of students reported headache, 20% reported dizziness, 56% reported impaired concentration, and 11% reported facial dermatitis. Only 8 of 82 students with headache and 10 of 65 with impaired concentration attributed these symptoms to mobile phone use, and the authors concluded that further experimental and epidemiologic studies are needed.
Wallin MK, Marve T, Hakansson PK. · 2005
Researchers tested whether GPRS, UMTS, and WLAN signals interfere with life-supporting equipment in intensive care and operating rooms. UMTS and WLAN caused little interference and can be used safely in critical care areas, though direct contact with medical devices should be avoided. GPRS at 50 cm caused an older infusion pump to alarm and stop infusing and produced 10 cases of display interference. GPRS can be used safely at a distance of 1 m.
van Wyk MJ, Bingle M, Meyer FJ. · 2005
This study presents a variety of critical aspects that need to be considered when calculating SAR in a human body close to a mobile phone base station antenna. The results show that it is critical to take the disturbance effect of the human phantom (a large conductive body) on the base station antenna into account when the antenna-phantom spacing is less than 300 mm. For these small spacings, the antenna structure must be modeled in detail. The conclusion is that it is feasible to calculate, using the proposed techniques and methodology, accurate occupational compliance zones around base station antennas based on a SAR profile and basic restriction guidelines. A hybrid FEM/MoM technique is proposed as a suitable numerical method to obtain accurate results.
Meo SA, Al-Drees AM · 2005
Researchers invited 873 mobile phone users (57.04% males, 39.86% females) to complete a structured questionnaire and used chi-square tests to examine call duration and symptoms. The study found an association between mobile phone use and hearing and vision complaints, with 34.59% reporting hearing issues like impaired hearing, ear ache, or warmth, and 5.04% reporting decreased or blurred vision. The authors concluded that mobile phone use is a health risk factor and suggested avoiding excessive use while increasing social awareness through health promotion.
