Das S, Chakraborty S, Mahanta B. · 2017
Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study among medical students who had used mobile phones for the past 5 years. They assessed the effect of mobile phones on pure tone audiometry thresholds in the exposed ear and the non-exposed ear. The study found a significant difference in average air conduction and bone conduction hearing thresholds between the exposed and non-exposed ears. A significant rise in both air and bone conduction thresholds at individual frequencies between the exposed and non-exposed ears was also noted.
Crabtree DPE, Herrera BJ, Kang S. · 2017
The study aimed to investigate the response of human bacteria to static magnetic field and radiofrequency electromagnetic field. Researchers investigated the response of both laboratory culture strains and isolates of skin bacteria under static magnetic field (SMF) and RF-EMF. Growth patterns of laboratory cultures of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus epidermidis under SMF were variable per different species. Bacterial isolates of skin microbiota from 4 subjects with different cell phone usage history also showed inconsistent growth responses.
Birks L et al. · 2017
Researchers analyzed data from 83,884 mother-child pairs across five birth cohorts in Denmark, Korea, the Netherlands, Norway, and Spain. They categorized maternal cell phone use during pregnancy into none, low, medium, and high based on call frequency reported by mothers. Child behavioral problems were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire or Child Behavior Checklist at ages 5–7 years. A trend of increasing risk of hyperactivity/inattention problems was observed across cell phone use categories, with odds ratios of 1.11 for medium users and 1.28 for high users. The association was consistent across cohorts and between prospective and retrospective data collection methods.
Bhatt CR et al. · 2017
Aslan A, İkinci A, Baş O, Sönmez OF, Kaya H, Odacı E. · 2017
Researchers used three groups of six 21-day-old male rats, including an unexposed control, a sham-exposed group, and a group exposed to 900 MHz EMF for one hour daily from postnatal day 21 to 46. The EMF-exposed group had significantly fewer Purkinje cells than both the control and sham groups. Histopathological examination also showed altered Purkinje cell arrangement and intense cytoplasmic staining in the exposed rats.
Aerts S, Wiart J, Martens L, Joseph W. · 2017
The study aimed to assess long-term spatio-temporal radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure. Researchers analyzed more than a year of measurement data from a fixed low-cost exposimeter network in an urban environment to build a full spatio-temporal surrogate model of outdoor exposure to downlink GSM and UMTS signals. They found that accounting for the hour and day of measurement improved the surrogate model's accuracy by up to 50% compared to models that neglect daily temporal variability.
Koeman T et al. · 2017
Researchers conducted a case-cohort analysis within the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study, following men and women aged 55-69 at enrolment in 1986 for 17.3 years on ALS mortality. Occupational exposure to solvents, pesticides, metals, extremely low frequency magnetic fields, and electrical shocks was estimated using job exposure matrices. Occupational exposure to ELF-MF showed a possible association with ALS mortality among men, with a hazard ratio of 2.19 for ever holding a high-exposure job and 1.93 for the highest cumulative exposure tertile.
Dileone M et al. · 2017
Researchers performed a randomized double-blind sham-controlled cross-over study applying tSMS for 10 minutes to the more affected motor cortex of Parkinson's disease patients. Cortical excitability was measured by motor evoked potential amplitude elicited by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation. tSMS significantly decreased MEP amplitudes in patients off dopaminergic medication but not in patients on levodopa. Between-patient variability of tSMS-induced changes was significantly greater when patients were on medication. Greater disease progression was associated with a switch from inhibitory to facilitatory plasticity on medication.
Zothansiama, Zosangzuali M, Lalramdinpuii M, Jagetia GC. · 2017
The study compared 40 individuals living within 80 meters of mobile phone base stations with a control group living 300 meters away, matched for age, gender, diet, smoking, alcohol, and mobile phone use. Radiofrequency power density was significantly higher in the exposed group. The exposed group showed a significantly higher frequency of micronuclei. Plasma antioxidants glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were significantly reduced, and lipid peroxidation was increased in the exposed group. Multiple linear regression showed that higher RF power density was associated with lower antioxidant levels, higher micronuclei frequency, and higher lipid peroxidation.
Oyewopo AO, Olaniyi SK, Oyewopo CI, Jimoh AT. · 2017
Researchers randomly assigned adult male Wistar rats to a control group, a sham exposure group, and groups exposed to cell phone radiation for 1, 2, or 3 hours over a 28-day period. Histomorphometry showed no significant change in germinal epithelial diameter or cross-sectional diameter in any exposure group compared with controls. Group D showed a significantly smaller lumen diameter than Group B, and all exposure groups showed uneven germinal epithelial distribution with epithelial degeneration in Group D. Sera malondialdehyde increased and superoxide dismutase decreased in all exposure groups, while follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone decreased significantly in groups C and D.
Othman H, Ammari M , Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. · 2017
Animals were divided into four groups: control, WiFi-exposed, restrained, and both WiFi-exposed and restrained, with each exposure occurring 2 h per day for 20 days. Tests included anxiety in the elevated plus maze, spatial learning in the water maze, cerebral oxidative stress response, and cholinesterase activity in brain and serum. WiFi exposure and restraint stress, alone and especially combined, induced anxiety-like behavior without impairing spatial learning and memory abilities. An oxidative stress response was triggered by WiFi and restraint, per se and especially when combined, as well as a WiFi-induced increase in acetylcholinesterase activity. There were no synergistic effects between WiFi signal and restraint stress on the brain.
Gulati S, Yadav A, Kumar N, Priya K, Aggarwal NK, Gupta R. · 2017
Researchers examined superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, and functional polymorphisms of SOD and CAT antioxidant genes in a human population exposed to mobile tower radiation. Exposed subjects showed significantly lower manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities and higher lipid peroxidation than control subjects. Polymorphisms in the MnSOD and CAT genes significantly contributed to the observed phenotype.
Ehnert S et al. · 2017
The study investigated how ELF-PEMF exposure modulates human osteoblast function via reactive oxygen species. Single ELF-PEMF exposure induced ROS production in human osteoblasts without reducing intracellular glutathione. Repetitive exposure more than three times reduced ROS levels, suggesting changes in the antioxidative stress response. The researchers concluded that ELF-PEMF treatment favors differentiation of human osteoblasts by producing non-toxic ROS that induce antioxidative defense mechanisms.
Deniz OG et al. · 2017
Researchers studied 60 healthy female medical students divided into low (<30 min daily) and high (>90 min daily) mobile phone exposure groups. Hippocampal volume and metabolite levels did not differ significantly between groups. However, the high exposure group performed significantly worse on Stroop and digit span backward tests of attention.
Sun Y, Zong L, Gao Z, Zhu S, Tong J, Cao Y · 2017
Researchers exposed HL-60 human leukemia cells to continuous 900MHz radiofrequency fields at 120μW/cm² for 4 hours per day over 5 consecutive days. Exposed cells had significantly increased reactive oxygen species and decreased mitochondrial transcription factor A, mtDNA polymerase gamma, mtDNA transcripts, and mtDNA copy number compared to sham-exposed controls. Exposed cells also showed a significant increase in the oxidative damage marker 8-OHdG and a significant decrease in ATP. Pretreating cells with melatonin, a free radical scavenger, reversed the effects seen in RF-exposed cells.
Roser K et al. · 2017
Researchers measured personal RF-EMF exposure in 90 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years using a portable ExpoM-RF device across 13 frequency bands from 470 to 3600 MHz for three consecutive days with a time-activity diary. Mobile phones contributed 67.2% and mobile phone base stations contributed 19.8% of total personal RF-EMF measurements averaging 63.2 μW/m² (0.15 V/m). WLAN at school and home accounted for 3.5% of total personal measurements. Environmental sources contributed on average 6.0% to the brain dose and 9.0% to the whole-body dose according to dose calculations.
Marjanovic Cermak AM, Pavicic I, Trosic I · 2017
Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 10, 30, and 60 minutes at an electric field strength of 30 V m-1 and a specific absorption rate of 1.6 W kg-1. Cell viability remained within normal physiological values after radiation exposure. Significantly higher ROS levels were observed at every radiation exposure time tested. After 60 minutes of exposure, the radiation caused significant lipid and protein damage. The highest glutathione concentration was detected after 10 minutes of exposure.
Al-Serori H et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated whether UMTS radiofrequency signals cause micronucleus formation and other anomalies such as nuclear buds and nucleoplasmatic bridges in human glioblastoma cell lines. The experiments were conducted with human glioblastoma cell lines, U87 with wild-type p53 status and U251 with mutated p53 status, exposed to SAR doses of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 W/kg. The researchers found no evidence for induction of micronuclei or other anomalies, but observed apoptosis at the highest dose in U251 cells.
Prasad A et al. · 2017
Researchers stimulated human oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) with a moderate intensity static magnetic field (0.3 T) for two weeks, two hours per day. The study investigated the genomic effects of static magnetic field exposure on oligodendrocyte differentiation and neurotrophic factor secretion. Enhanced myelination capacity of the stimulated oligodendrocytes was validated using a dorsal root ganglion microfluidics chamber platform.
Pedersen C et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated risks for several central nervous system diseases among 32,006 men employed at 99 utility companies that supplied Denmark with electricity during 1900–1993. The cohort was followed during 1982–2010, and cases were identified in the Danish National Patient Registry. For the highest exposure level of 1.0 µT or more, incidence rate ratios of 1.44, 1.78, 1.40 and 1.34 were observed for dementia, motor neurone disease, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy, respectively. Risk for Parkinson disease was lower among workers exposed to ≥0.1 µT compared with the Danish population (IRR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.97).
Ozdemir E et al. · 2017
Researchers used 78 adult male Wistar albino rats to investigate whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields affect morphine analgesia and tolerance. Rats were exposed to a 50 Hz magnetic field for 30 minutes each day for 15 days, and morphine tolerance was induced with high-dose morphine (50 mg/kg) for 3 days. In rats exposed to the magnetic field, the analgesic effect of morphine (5 mg/kg) was significantly higher than in the non-exposed morphine group, and morphine-tolerant animals exposed to the field also showed significantly higher analgesia than tolerant rats without field exposure.
Davarpanah Jazi S, Modolo J, Baker C, Villard S, Legros A. · 2017
Ten healthy volunteers were exposed to 11 MF conditions (60 Hz, 0 to 50 mTrms, 5 mTrms increments) while physiological tremor and EEG from motor and somatosensory brain regions were measured. Exposure had no significant effect on any physiological tremor characteristics, and no significant EEG effects were observed for electrodes C1, C3, C5 and CP1. At electrodes CP3 and CP5, a decreased mu-rhythm spectral power with increasing MF flux density was suggested, but this was not confirmed by Bonferroni corrected pairwise comparisons.
Ayoobi F, Shamsizadeh A, Shafiei SA. · 2017
This study investigated the impact of local extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on sleep and drowsiness in healthy young adults. Minimum reaction time after exposure increased significantly compared to before exposure (P = 0.03), while the mean of the SSS scores was no different compared to that before exposure.
Manta AK et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed four-day-old adult female Drosophila melanogaster to mobile-phone radiation for 30 minutes at a SAR of 0.15 W/kg and a SAE of 270 J/kg. Reactive oxygen species levels in follicles of pre-choriogenic stages were found to increase by 1.6-fold immediately after the end of exposure. Sporadically generated apoptotic follicles showed an averaged 2-fold upregulation in their sub-population mass, 4 hours after irradiation. Microarray analysis revealed 168 genes being differentially expressed 2 hours after exposure, associated with processes such as basic metabolism, stress response, and apoptotic death.
Bourdineaud JP et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed Eisenia fetida earthworms to electromagnetic fields at 900 MHz and field levels ranging from 10 to 120 V m-1 for a period of two hours. All exposure treatments induced significant DNA modifications, and the number of probe hybridisation sites showed a significant two-fold decrease even after 24 hours of recovery. Genes involved in general stress, oxidative stress, and immune defence were up-regulated after exposure, and Western blots confirmed an increased quantity of HSP70 and MTCO1 proteins.
