Pandey N, Giri S, Das S, Upadhaya P. · 2017
Researchers exposed male mice to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for 4-8 hours daily over 35 days and found significant damage to sperm-producing cells in the testes. The radiation disrupted the normal development of sperm cells, caused DNA damage, and reduced sperm counts by interfering with cellular energy production. While the effects were reversible after stopping exposure, the study demonstrates how RF radiation can impair male fertility at the cellular level.
Othman H et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to WiFi signals (2.45GHz) for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy and tracked their offspring's brain development. The study found that prenatal WiFi exposure delayed early neurodevelopment in the first 17 days after birth and caused oxidative stress (cellular damage from harmful molecules) in the brain at 28 days old. This suggests that WiFi exposure during pregnancy may affect early brain development in offspring.
Kuzay D, Ozer C, Sirav B, Canseven AG, Seyhan N. · 2017
Researchers exposed healthy and diabetic rats to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation for 20 minutes daily over one month, then measured oxidative stress markers in testicular tissue. Both types of electromagnetic exposure increased harmful oxidative stress while reducing protective antioxidant levels, with diabetic rats showing more severe effects. The combination of both exposures produced the most pronounced damage to reproductive tissue.
Kulaber A, Kerimoğlu G, Ersöz Ş, Çolakoğlu S, Odacı E. · 2017
Researchers exposed young male rats to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for one hour daily during their adolescent development period. The exposed rats showed increased oxidative stress in their thymus (a key immune system organ) and tissue damage including bleeding into the tissue. This suggests that RF radiation during development may harm the immune system by creating damaging free radicals.
Kim JY, Kim HJ, Kim N, Kwon JH, Park MJ. · 2017
Researchers exposed mouse brain cells to radiofrequency radiation while also treating them with glutamate, a chemical that causes oxidative stress similar to what happens in Alzheimer's disease. They found that RF exposure alone didn't harm the cells much, but when combined with glutamate, it significantly increased cell death and toxic free radical production. This suggests RF radiation may worsen brain damage in conditions where the brain is already under stress.
Kuzay D, Ozer C, Sirav B, Canseven AG, Seyhan N · 2017
Scientists exposed healthy and diabetic rats to electromagnetic fields for 20 minutes daily over one month. Both EMF types increased harmful oxidative stress and reduced protective antioxidants in testicular tissue, with diabetic rats showing worse damage, suggesting EMF may harm reproductive health.
Bodera P et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) to study brain effects. They found no changes in healthy rats, but radiation combined with existing inflammation affected brain receptors involved in learning and memory, suggesting inflamed brains may be more vulnerable.
Xu F et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed young mice to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for 8 hours daily over three days. The radiation disrupted brain stem cell development in 7-day-old mice but not 21-day-old mice, suggesting developing brains are more vulnerable to electromagnetic fields than mature brains.
Sharma A, Kesari KK, Saxena VK, Sisodia R. · 2017
Researchers exposed developing mice to 10 GHz microwave radiation for 2 hours daily over 15 days and found significant damage to brain development. The exposed mice showed impaired spatial memory, altered brain chemistry, and visible tissue damage in key brain regions including the hippocampus. These effects persisted even weeks after the exposure ended, suggesting the developing brain is particularly vulnerable to microwave radiation.
Othman H, Ammari M, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to WiFi signals (2.45 GHz) for 2 hours daily throughout pregnancy and studied the offspring's development and behavior. They found that prenatal WiFi exposure caused developmental delays, anxiety-like behavior, motor problems, and brain oxidative stress in the offspring, with male rats showing more severe effects. The study suggests that WiFi exposure during pregnancy may harm brain development and behavior in offspring.
Hassanshahi A et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed male rats to Wi-Fi radiation (2.4 GHz) for 12 hours daily over 30 days and tested their ability to recognize and remember objects using different senses. The Wi-Fi-exposed rats showed significant impairment in object recognition tasks, failing to distinguish between familiar and new objects whether using touch, vision, or combined senses. This suggests that chronic Wi-Fi exposure may interfere with how the brain processes and integrates sensory information.
Zhang KY et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mouse sperm-producing cells to cell phone radiation (1950 MHz) at 3 W/kg for 24 hours, both alone and combined with X-ray radiation. While the RF radiation alone caused no harm, when combined with X-rays it significantly increased cell death and reduced cell growth compared to X-rays alone. This suggests that cell phone radiation may make cells more vulnerable to other forms of radiation damage.
Wang K et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to 1.8 GHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone signals) for 30 minutes and found it actually improved their memory performance on recognition tasks. The radiation changed brain cell structure and electrical activity in memory-related brain regions. However, the exposure level used was much higher than what people typically experience from everyday devices.
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. · 2017
French researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation (GSM and UMTS signals) for 4 weeks and found that high exposure levels caused the blood-brain barrier to leak 50 days after exposure ended. The blood-brain barrier normally protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood, but this protective shield became compromised at radiation levels equivalent to what humans might experience with very high cell phone use.
Lameth J et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed rats to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for 2 hours and found it reduced brain inflammation markers by 50-60% when the brain was already inflamed. The changes were temporary, lasting less than 72 hours, suggesting radiation may alter how inflamed brain tissue responds.
Kumari K et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (7.5 kHz) for 5 weeks and tested their learning and memory abilities. Mice exposed to higher field levels showed impaired memory performance and increased brain inflammation markers. This suggests that magnetic fields from common sources like induction cooktops and security systems may affect cognitive function.
Kim JH et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to cell phone radiation (835 MHz) for 12 weeks and found it triggered cellular changes specifically in the hippocampus, the brain region controlling memory and learning. The brainstem remained unaffected, suggesting some brain areas are more vulnerable to radiofrequency exposure than others.
Kim JH, Kim HJ, Yu DH, Kweon HS, Huh YH, Kim HR. · 2017
Korean researchers exposed mice to cell phone-frequency radiation (835 MHz) for 5 hours daily and examined changes in brain cells. They found that this exposure significantly reduced the number of synaptic vesicles (tiny containers that store brain chemicals) and decreased levels of proteins needed for proper brain communication. These changes suggest that radiofrequency radiation may disrupt how brain cells communicate with each other.
Kim HS et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation (used in RFID systems) for 8 hours daily over 2 weeks. They found measurable changes in blood cell counts - red blood cells increased while white blood cells decreased, demonstrating RF radiation can alter blood composition at moderate exposure levels.
Gevrek F. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to cellphone radiation levels similar to human phone calls for one month. The radiation damaged the hippocampus brain region responsible for memory by killing brain cells. Ginkgo biloba extract significantly reduced this damage, suggesting potential protection against EMF harm.
Akbarnejad Z et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats with Alzheimer's-like brain damage to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 14 days and tested their memory using a water maze. The electromagnetic field exposure significantly improved the rats' learning and memory abilities, even reversing some of the cognitive damage. This suggests that certain electromagnetic frequencies might have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative conditions.
Zheng Y, Dou JR, Gao Y, Dong L, Li G. · 2017
Researchers exposed brain neurons from mice to a 15 Hz magnetic field (the type found around power lines) and measured how it affected the channels that allow electrical signals to flow through nerve cells. The magnetic field disrupted these crucial channels, reducing their activity and changing how they function. This suggests that everyday magnetic field exposure could interfere with normal brain cell communication.
Zhang H et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to power line frequency magnetic fields for 4 hours daily over 28 days. The exposure disrupted brain chemistry in the hippocampus, reducing proteins essential for memory and learning while increasing harmful cellular changes that could affect cognitive function.
Dey S, Bose S, Kumar S, Rathore R, Mathur R, Jain S. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats with severed spinal cords to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 17.96 µT) for 2 hours daily over 8 weeks. The magnetic field treatment significantly improved locomotion and reduced inflammation, tissue damage, and iron buildup at the injury site compared to untreated injured rats. This suggests that certain EMF exposures might actually help the nervous system heal from traumatic injuries.
Chauhan P, Verma HN, Sisodia R, Kesari KK. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (the same frequency used in WiFi and microwave ovens) for 2 hours daily over 35 days at very low power levels. The exposed rats showed significant tissue damage and oxidative stress in their brain, liver, kidney, testis, and spleen compared to unexposed control rats. This suggests that even low-level microwave radiation exposure over time may cause cellular damage throughout the body.
