Goldoni J · 1990
Researchers studied 14 male radar technicians who had been exposed to pulsed microwaves for 7 to 14 years. They compared these workers with 10 male electronic technicians who worked at the same airport but far from microwave sources. After two years, the exposed workers showed a significant decrease in thrombocyte and leukocyte counts, and their leukocyte and erythrocyte counts were significantly lower than in the control group. There was no significant difference in reticulocyte and lymphocyte counts between the groups.
Ray S, Behari J · 1990
Researchers studied the effects of exposure to sublethal levels of microwaves. Young albino rats of both sexes were exposed for 60 days to 7.5-GHz microwaves at 0.6 mW/cm2 for 3 hours daily. The exposed animals tended to eat and drink less and showed a smaller gain in body weight. Some hematological parameters and organ weights were significantly different in exposed rats. The authors proposed that a nonspecific stress response mediated through the central nervous system caused the changes.
Neubauer C, Phelan AM, Kues H, Lange DG · 1990
Researchers exposed male albino rats to 2.45-GHz microwaves with 10-microseconds pulses at 100 pps. Exposure at 10 mW/cm2 for 30 to 120 minutes increased tracer uptake through the blood-brain barrier. The uptake depended on both power density and exposure duration. At 5 mW/cm2, a 15-minute exposure had no effect. Pretreating rats with colchicine nearly completely blocked the microwave-induced uptake.
Cleary SF, Liu LM, Merchant RE · 1990
Researchers exposed whole human blood in vitro for 2 hours to 27 or 2,450 MHz radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation under isothermal conditions at 37 degrees C. At SARs below 50 W/kg, exposure produced a dose-dependent, statistically significant increase in lymphocyte proliferation, while exposure at 50 W/kg or higher suppressed proliferation relative to sham-exposed cells. The researchers concluded that these biphasic, dose-dependent effects on lymphocyte proliferation were not dependent on heating. There were no detectable effects of RF radiation on lymphocyte morphology or viability.
Garaj-Vrhovac V, Horvat D, Koren Z · 1990
Researchers exposed cultured V79 Chinese hamster cells to continuous microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz and a power density of 30 mW/cm2 for 15, 30, and 60 minutes. The study measured the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA and the frequency of chromosome aberrations. Inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation occurred through complete prevention of DNA from entering into the S phase, and the normal rate of incorporation recovered within one generation cycle of V79 cells. Compared with control samples, irradiated cells showed a higher frequency of specific chromosome lesions.
Not specified · 1989
It details how Brodeur misrepresents Marino's mouse research and the Navy ELF project. It also shows that Brodeur misrepresents the Wertheimer-Leeper, Savitz, and Tomenius epidemiological studies. The review concludes that when all residential epidemiological studies are considered, the evidence does not support a causal link between EMF exposure and human cancer. It also criticizes Brodeur's coverage of laboratory studies on ODC enzyme activity, calcium efflux, and chick embryos for ignoring contradictory evidence and replication failures.
Marko Markov · 1989
Indira Nair, M. Granger Morgan, H. Keith Florig · 1989
Unknown authors · 1989
Unknown authors · 1989
Unknown authors · 1989
Researchers conducted a population-based case-control study of leukemia and residential proximity to electricity supply equipment in south-east England. The study included 771 leukemia cases matched to 1,432 cancer controls and 231 general population controls. Exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields was assessed indirectly from the distance, type, and loading of nearby power lines and transformer substations. Only 0.6% of subjects lived within 100 m of an overhead power line, where the relative risk of leukemia was 1.45 (95% CI 0.54-3.88), rising to 2.0 within 50 m (95% CI 0.4-9.0). Over 40% of subjects lived within 100 m of a substation, with a relative risk of 0.99, and residence within 25 m carried a risk of 1.3 (95% CI 0.8-2.0).
Unknown authors · 1989
Joseph D. Bowman et al. · 1988
Researchers took spot measurements of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields at 114 work sites across several electrical worker occupations and at 18 residences for comparison. Magnetic field exposures were significantly higher than residential levels in most electrical worker categories, with the highest reading of 1250 x 10^-7 Tesla on a battery-powered forklift operator. Electric field exposures exceeded residential levels in only 25% of measurements, limited to power line workers, power station operators, and TV repairers.
Unknown authors · 1988
Unknown authors · 1988
Epidemiologic studies yielded positive correlations between magnetic- and/or electric-field strengths in local environments and the incidence of depression-related suicide. Chronic exposure to ELF electric or magnetic fields can disrupt normal circadian rhythms in rat pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity as well as in serotonin and melatonin concentrations. Disruptions in the circadian rhythmicity of pineal melatonin secretion have been associated with certain depressive disorders in human beings.
Unknown authors · 1988
Researchers studied 356 children diagnosed with cancer between 1976 and 1983 in the Denver area and compared them with controls selected by random digit dialing. Measured magnetic fields under low power use at a 2.0 milligauss cutoff showed an odds ratio of 1.4 for total cancers, with higher odds ratios for leukemias, lymphomas, and soft tissue sarcomas. Wire configuration codes contrasting very high and high versus very low, low, and buried codes yielded an odds ratio of 1.5 for total cancers. Adjusted estimates for measured fields and wire codes did not differ from crude results, indicating an absence of confounding.
Unknown authors · 1988
Nine men were exposed to 4.1 GHz radio-frequency radiation in an accident. Two men were exposed to 4.6 mW/cm2 for up to 90 minutes, exceeding the Australian standard of 1 mW/cm2, while seven others received lower exposures. Comprehensive medical examinations, including follow-up ophthalmological exams over nine months, were performed on all staff. Various abnormalities were found in all staff, but there was no consistent gradient of effect between exposure groups except possibly for hair loss. The investigators concluded that the exposure had not resulted in harmful effects.
Parker JE, Kiel JL, Winters WD · 1988
Researchers exposed four rodent cell lines to 2450 MHz microwave radiation at a Specific Absorption Rate of 103.5 +/- 4.2 W/kg at temperatures of 37, 40, 42, and 45 degrees C. The researchers extracted mRNA from exposed and sham-exposed cells and used DNA probes of oncogenes, heat shock protein, or long terminal repeat sequences to look for differences in mRNA expression. With the cell lines and probes used, no significant differences in mRNA expression were observed after microwave exposure.
D’Inzeo, G et al · 1988
Researchers experimentally analyzed the behavior of cultured myotubes from chick embryos exposed to microwaves. During exposure to low-power microwaves, the frequency of acetylcholine-activated single channel openings decreased and the acetylcholine-induced total current showed a faster falling phase. Channel open time and conductance were not affected by microwave irradiation.
D'Andrea JA, DeWitt JR, Portuguez LM, Gandhi OP. · 1988
Two experiments tested whether frequency-specific hotspot formation in the body and tail of rats would have behavioral consequences. Rats were placed in a cage where occupying one side triggered microwave exposure and occupying the other side ended it. Reduced exposure to 360-MHz and 2450-MHz microwaves at 1, 2, 6 and 10 W/kg were significantly different from 700-MHz microwaves. A second experiment found the threshold for reduced exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves fell between whole-body SARs of 2.1 and 2.8 W/kg.
T. S. Tenforde, W. T. Kaune · 1987
Kjell Hansson Mild et al. · 1987
Chang-Zern Hong · 1987
Reba Goodman, Joan Abbott, Ann S. Henderson · 1987
Researchers exposed salivary gland cells from Sciara coprophila larvae to three magnetic field signals: a 72-Hz single repetitive pulse, a 15-Hz repetitive pulse burst, and a 72-Hz sine wave. Eight normally active X chromosome regions showed increased transcription, and three regions (Xc, B", Xf) became detectably active only after exposure. The sine wave and single pulse signals produced stronger transcriptional responses than the pulse train signal.
Unknown authors · 1987
Typical power densities near residences did not exceed 100 pW/cm², and the highest level along Cedar Lake Road was 580 pW/cm², below the FCC guideline of 1,000 pW/cm². Near the KYGO-FM tower base, a level of 10,000 pW/cm² was found, with exceedances over a large area in a residential zone accessible to the public.
