Franzellitti S et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells to 1.8 GHz continuous wave and GSM signals for 4, 16, or 24 hours. The GSM-Talk signal used an intermittent pattern of 5 minutes on and 10 minutes off. The alkaline comet assay measured primary DNA damage and strand breaks from incomplete repair. Amplitude-modulated GSM-217 Hz and GSM-Talk signals significantly increased comet parameters after 16 and 24 hours, while continuous wave did not. DNA damage recovered within 2 hours after exposure ended, returning to sham-exposed levels.
Tomruk A, Guler G, Dincel AS. · 2010
Researchers exposed nonpregnant and pregnant New Zealand White rabbits to whole-body 1800 MHz GSM-like RF radiation for 15 minutes per day over one week. Liver 8-OHdG levels did not differ between exposed and control rabbits in either the adult or newborn groups. However, MDA and FOX levels were significantly higher in exposed adult rabbits, and FOX was also elevated in newborns of exposed mothers.
Politański P et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed C57BL/6 mice to 8 hours of 119 dB SPL 4 kHz octave band noise and assessed auditory brainstem response, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity in the cochlea before and at five time points over two weeks. The auditory brainstem response showed no permanent functional damage from noise exposure in either the static magnetic field exposed group or the non-exposed group. However, lipid peroxidation levels, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase activity differed significantly between mice exposed to both noise and static magnetic field and those exposed to noise only.
Patruno A et al. · 2010
The study analyzed the effect of ELF-EMF on the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT to assess mechanisms and support therapeutic use in wound healing. Exposure to ELF-EMF increased iNOS and eNOS expression levels, NOS activities, and NO production. Higher AP-1 expression and cell proliferation rate were also associated with ELF-EMF exposure. In contrast, ELF-EMF decreased COX-2 expression, PGE2 production, catalase activity, and O2− production.
Belova NA et al. · 2010
Researchers studied the influence of weak magnetic fields of different types on the rate of reactive oxygen species formation in mouse peritoneal neutrophils. Exposure to a magnetic field tuned to the parametric resonance for Ca2+ ions decreased ROS generation by 23% in neutrophils activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The same field increased ROS generation by about 21% in neutrophils stimulated by the bacterial peptide FMLP.
Wang Z, Che PL, Du J, Ha B, Yarema KJ. · 2010
Researchers investigated static magnetic fields by focusing on the adenosine A2A receptor in PC12 rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells that display metabolic features of Parkinson's disease. Static magnetic fields reproduced several responses elicited by ZM241385 and counteracted several PD-relevant endpoints exacerbated by CGS21680 in a manner similar to ZM241385.
Reyes-Guerrero G et al. · 2010
Researchers studied the influence of ELF EMF on estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta mRNA expression in the olfactory bulb of adult female and male rats using RT-PCR. ELF EMF exerted a biphasic effect on female olfactory bulb ERβ mRNA expression, increasing it during diestrous and decreasing it during estrous. No influence of ELF EMF was observed on female olfactory bulb ERα mRNA expression. In male rats, ERα and ERβ mRNA expression levels did not vary with ELF EMF exposure.
Vecchio F et al. · 2010
Researchers recorded eyes-closed resting EEG data from 16 healthy elderly subjects and 5 young subjects during GSM-on and GSM-off conditions lasting 45 minutes each. Spectral coherence measured inter-hemispheric synchronization across delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands. Elderly subjects showed a statistically significant increment of inter-hemispheric coherence of frontal and temporal alpha rhythms during the GSM condition compared to young subjects. The results suggest GSM-EMFs affect inter-hemispheric synchronization of alpha EEG rhythms as a function of physiological aging.
Thomas S, Heinrich S, von Kries R, Radon K · 2010
Researchers randomly selected 1,498 children and 1,524 adolescents from population registries in four Bavarian cities and measured their RF exposure over 24 hours with personal dosimeters. Mental health behaviour was assessed using the German version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Measured exposure in the highest quartile was associated with overall behavioural problems in adolescents but not in children. Exposure was associated with conduct problems in both children and adolescents.
Panda NK, Jain R, Bakshi J, Munjal S. · 2010
Participants underwent a battery of audiologic investigations including pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, auditory brain responses, and middle latency responses. There was no significant difference between users and controls for any of the audiologic parameters. However, trends for audiologic abnormalities were seen within users, with high-frequency loss and absent distortion product otoacoustic emissions observed with longer duration of use, excessive use, and age over 30 years. The researchers concluded that long-term and intensive mobile phone use may cause inner ear damage, but a larger sample size would be needed for definitive conclusions.
Narayanan SN et al. · 2010
Healthy male albino Wistar rats were exposed to RF-EMR by giving 50 missed calls per day for 4 weeks with a GSM mobile phone in vibratory mode in the cage. Passive avoidance behaviour was significantly affected in exposed rats, shown as shorter entrance latency to the dark compartment compared to control rats. Marked morphological changes were observed in the CA3 region of the hippocampus of exposed rats compared to control rats. Mobile phone RF-EMR exposure significantly altered passive avoidance behaviour and hippocampal morphology in rats.
Maganioti AE et al. · 2010
Researchers examined P600 waveform activation patterns using principal component analysis and repeated measures ANOVA to test for RF and gender dependence. Event-related potentials were recorded from thirty-nine healthy subjects (20 male and 19 female) during an auditory memory task in the presence and absence of RF similar to that emitted by mobile phones. Both PCA and ANOVA showed that P600 activation occurs early and intensely in posterior electrodes, less intensely in central electrodes, and later with reduced intensity in anterior electrodes. In the absence of RF, female subjects had significantly lower amplitudes at anterior electrodes and earlier latencies at central electrodes than males, but these gender differences disappeared during RF exposure.
Hardell L, Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Zetterberg H, Mild KH · 2010
Researchers studied the concentration of β-trace protein in blood in relation to emissions from wireless phones in 62 persons aged 18-30 years. The concentration of β-trace protein decreased with increasing number of years of use of a wireless phone, yielding a negative β coefficient of -0.32 with a 95% confidence interval of -0.60 to -0.04. Cumulative use in hours also gave a negative β coefficient, although not statistically significant. Forty of the 62 persons participated in an experimental study with 30 min exposure to an 890-MHz GSM signal, and no statistically significant change of β-trace protein was found. In a similar study of the remaining 22 participants with no exposure, β-trace protein increased significantly over time, probably due to a relaxed situation.
Wang XW et al. · 2010
Vorobyov V, Janać B, Pesić V, Prolić Z. · 2010
Researchers studied EEG in 10 freely moving rats with electrodes implanted in the cortex and dorsomedial hypothalamus over five consecutive days. Rats were exposed to ELF-MW (915 MHz, 20-ms pulse duration, approximately 0.3 mW/cm(2), 4 Hz) intermittently (1-min 'On', 1-min 'Off') for 10 min several times per day. Baseline EEG showed dominant activity in the 3.2-6.0 Hz and 17.8-30.5 Hz ranges in the cortex, and in the 6.0-17.8 Hz range in the hypothalamus. ELF-MW exposure increased beta(2) activity in the hypothalamus more than in the cortex, significantly reducing the initial cortical-hypothalamic EEG imbalance. A cumulative effect was observed across repeated exposures.
Tillmann T et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed mice to UMTS fields at 0, 4.8, and 48 W/m(2) for up to 24 months starting from embryo-fetal exposure, with the 4.8 W/m(2) group also receiving prenatal ethylnitrosourea at 40 mg ENU/kg body weight. The high-level UMTS exposure (48 W/m(2)) showed tumour incidences comparable to sham and cage control groups. Mice given ethylnitrosourea and exposed to 4.8 W/m(2) UMTS had higher lung tumour rates and more lung carcinomas than ethylnitrosourea-only controls. Lung carcinoma multiplicity increased and the number of metastasising lung tumours doubled in the combined exposure group.
Pinto R et al. · 2010
Panagopoulos DJ, Margaritis LH · 2010
Researchers exposed fruit flies to GSM 900 and DCS 1800 radiation for daily durations of 1 to 21 minutes. Reproductive capacity decreased almost linearly as exposure duration increased for both radiation types. GSM 900 radiation was slightly more bioactive than DCS 1800 radiation at the same exposure durations and equal intensities.
Panagopoulos DJ, Margaritis LH · 2010
Researchers examined whether the bioactivity windows for GSM 900 and 1800 MHz radiation depend on field intensity by measuring reproductive capacity in Drosophila melanogaster. They compared insects exposed at the window distances (30 cm for GSM 900, 20 cm for GSM 1800) to insects exposed closer (8 cm and 5 cm) behind a metal grid that shielded microwave and ELF fields while keeping intensities roughly equal. The decrease in reproductive capacity did not differ significantly between the two exposure groups. The bioactivity window seems to be due to the intensity of radiation-field (10 microW/cm(2), 0.6-0.7 V/m) at those distances.
Panagopoulos DJ, Chavdoula ED, Margaritis LH · 2010
Researchers exposed adult Drosophila melanogaster to GSM 900/1800 mobile phone antenna radiation at distances from 0 to 100 cm and measured reproductive capacity and cell death in the gonads using the TUNEL assay. The radiation decreased reproductive capacity by inducing cell death at all distances tested. The effect was strongest at 20-30 cm (radiation intensity around 10 microW/cm(2)), diminished considerably beyond 40-50 cm, and was not evident beyond 1 m or below 1 microW/cm(2).
Kim BC, Park SO. · 2010
Researchers measured human exposure to CDMA800 and CDMA1800 signals at 50 locations across Korea where the general public had expressed concern. Measurement positions were within approximately 32 to 422 m of the nearest base station at each site. The measured exposure levels were very low compared with the international standard and the Korean human protection notice, with the highest field level at 1.5 V/m.
Kawai H, Nagaoka T, Watanabe S, Saito K, Takahashi M, Ito K. · 2010
Researchers used computational models of pregnant women at 4 and 8 weeks of pregnancy to calculate the specific absorption rate (SAR) in embryos exposed to electromagnetic plane waves from 10 MHz to 1.5 GHz. The models had a 2 mm spatial resolution and represented a woman similar in height and weight to an average-sized Japanese adult female, with either a cubic 4-week or spheroidal 8-week embryo. The maximum average SAR in the embryos was lower than 0.08 W kg(-1) when the incident power density was at the ICNIRP reference level for the general public.
Joseph W, Vermeeren G, Verloock L, Martens L. · 2010
Researchers converted personal electromagnetic field measurements into whole-body specific absorption rates (SAR) for members of the general public. Among the body types compared, the highest SAR values at 950 MHz were found for the 1-year-old child, followed by the 5-year-old child, 10-year-old child, average woman, and average man. All calculated values remained below the basic restriction of 0.08 W/kg for the general public.
Joseph W, Verloock L, Goeminne F, Vermeeren G, Martens L. · 2010
Researchers measured radiofrequency exposure from multiple sources, including LTE cellular base stations, at 30 locations in Stockholm, Sweden. LTE exposure levels reached up to 0.8 V/m, and the LTE signal accounted for an average of 4% of the total RF exposure measured. Total exposures ranged from 0.2 to 2.6 V/m and satisfied ICNIRP reference levels at every location.
Jorge-Mora T et al. · 2010
