Ayşe IG, Zafer A, Sule O, Işil IT, Kalkan T. · 2010
Researchers studied the effect of ELF-EMF on the differentiation of K562 cells at different time courses. A single exposure to ELF-EMF resulted in a decrease in differentiation, while ELF-EMF applied every day for 1 hour caused an increase in differentiation. ELF-EMF increased ROS levels in K562 cells not treated with hemin, but did not change ROS levels in hemin-treated cells, indicating that ROS was not the cause of the differentiation effects.
Khurana et al · 2009
Unknown authors · 2009
The fourth course at the International School of Bioelectromagnetics addressed various aspects of the epidemiology of exposure to electromagnetic fields. The overview summarizes current knowledge on EMF exposure and disease risk, with emphasis on mobile phone use and brain tumours and power line exposure and childhood leukaemia. Sources of bias and error hamper straightforward conclusions in some areas, and improvements in study design and exposure assessment are necessary. The scientific evidence on possible long-term effects from ELF and RF fields is not strong enough to revise current protection limits based on known acute effects.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers found that an ultralow-frequency, extremely weak alternating magnetic field component showed marked antitumor activity when combined with a static magnetic field. The alternating field parameters that produced this effect were frequencies of 1, 4.4, or 16.5 Hz at intensities of 300, 100, or 150–300 nT, combined with a collinear static field of 42 µT. In mice with tumors, tumor tissue was practically absent after exposure to the weak magnetic fields, while control animals showed tumor invasion into surrounding tissues. In animals without tumors, no pathological deviations were observed after exposure to the weak magnetic field, suggesting the field was not toxic to healthy organisms.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed MCF-7 breast cancer cells from two sources to homogeneous 50-Hz electromagnetic fields at 1.2 microT. Gene expression was measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure markedly increased urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 expression, marginally increased the urokinase receptor in one cell line, and slightly decreased tissue plasminogen activator expression. The authors suggest that EMFs may increase the metastatic potential of breast tumors.
Unknown authors · 2009
A morbidity study in a Rome district under a 60 kV line included 345 subjects resident between 1954 and 2003, excluding those deceased before 1998. Residential magnetic field levels were estimated from current load, line characteristics, and distance from the power line, and the area was divided into sub-areas with differing levels. Standardized morbidity ratios were computed from hospital discharge records for 1998 to 2003. Non statistically significant increases were observed for all and primary cancers, while primary cancers were significantly increased among subjects with more than 30 years' residence and latency, and no increase was seen in neoplastic haematological diseases.
Unknown authors · 2009
Data were obtained from 317 individuals, including 192 UK Adult Brain Tumour Study subjects, 101 occupational proxies, and 24 interest readings. Average exposure was significantly higher at work than at home, and elevated occupational exposure was found for welding trades, printers, telephonists, and filing and other records assistants.
Unknown authors · 2009
A research team from ISS searched for a suitable location to implement an epidemiological study aimed at a wide range of outcomes for which a priori hypotheses could be formulated. The project's recently published findings showed an increase in primary and secondary malignant neoplasms, ischaemic disease, and haematological diseases. The authors recommended that future studies address the most exposed sectors of the population, consider different outcomes, and follow protocols that enable pooled analyses.
Unknown authors · 2009
The comment was published in Bioelectromagnetics, volume 31, issue 2, pages 102-3, in February 2010. It comments on the article "Extremely low frequency electric fields and cancer: assessing the evidence" by Kheifets et al., which appeared in the same journal, volume 31, issue 2, pages 89-101. The comment's author affiliation is Microwave News in New York.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers recruited 548 childhood brain tumor cases and 760 controls from Québec and Ontario between 1980 and 2002, interviewed their mothers, and estimated occupational ELF-MF exposure in microTesla using individual estimates or a job-exposure matrix with cumulative, average, and maximum metrics. Using the average exposure metric before conception, an increased risk for astroglial tumors was observed (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.4), and during pregnancy significantly increased risks were found for astroglial tumors (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5) and all childhood brain tumors (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.2). Based on job titles, sewing machine operators showed a twofold risk increase for astroglial tumors (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 0.8-6.3) and all childhood brain tumors (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.0-5.4).
Unknown authors · 2009
Unknown authors · 2009
The meta-analysis of brain tumors gave an overall glioma odds ratio of 1.0 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.9 to 1.1. For acoustic neuroma the overall odds ratio was 1.0, increasing to 1.3 with a 10-year latency, and ipsilateral exposure gave an odds ratio of 1.6. No consistent pattern of increased risk was found for meningioma, and no consistent pattern of association was found for salivary gland tumors, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or testicular cancer.
Unknown authors · 2009
This report is the third update to the Royal Society of Canada review covering 2004 to 2007. It examined new data on dosimetry and exposure assessment, biological effects such as enzyme induction, and toxicological effects including genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Investigators found no clear evidence of adverse health effects from RF fields but recommended continued research, especially on children's exposure.
Unknown authors · 2009
The paper reviews early cellphone studies with short exposure duration and two sets of recent studies with longer exposure: the Interphone studies and the Swedish studies led by Dr. Lennart Hardell. With four exceptions the industry-funded Interphone studies found no increased risk of brain tumors, while the independent Swedish studies reported numerous findings of significant increased risk from cellphone and cordless phone use. An analysis of the Interphone data suggests either cellphone use protects against brain tumors or the studies had serious design flaws. The Interphone studies have all 11 identified flaws while the Swedish studies have 3 flaws.
Unknown authors · 2009
Recent reviews report that firefighters have an increased risk of several cancers including leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, male breast cancer, malignant melanoma, and cancers of the brain, stomach, colon, rectum, prostate, urinary bladder, testes, and thyroid. Respiratory system cancers are usually not increased in firefighters, unlike in workers exposed to known inhaled carcinogens. The pattern of cancers in firefighters strongly overlaps the pattern seen in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers conducted a case-control study of 180 adult leukemia cases and 756 age- and sex-matched hospital controls in Bangkok, Thailand. Data were collected by interview and analyzed using unconditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios. Myeloid leukemia was associated with benzene exposure, other solvents, occupational pesticides, and working with or near powerlines. No associations were found for diagnostic X-rays, cigarette smoking, or other occupational exposures.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers analyzed glioma and meningioma incidence trends from 1974 to 2003 using national cancer registry data from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The study included 59,984 men and women aged 20-79 years diagnosed with brain tumors in a population of 16 million adults. From 1974 to 2003, glioma incidence increased by 0.5% per year among men and 0.2% per year among women. Meningioma incidence increased by 0.8% per year among men and by 3.8% per year among women after the early 1990s. No change in incidence trends was observed from 1998 to 2003 when mobile phone associations would be informative.
Stang A et al. · 2009
Researchers conducted a case-control study of 459 uveal melanoma case patients matched with population, ophthalmologist, and sibling control subjects. Regular mobile phone use showed no association with uveal melanoma risk across all control groups. No trend was observed for cumulative exposure measures. The study did not confirm earlier findings of increased risk.
Schoemaker MJ, Swerdlow AJ · 2009
Researchers conducted a population-based case-control study in Southeast England from 2001 to 2005 with 291 cases and 630 controls. Detailed information on cellular phone use was collected by personal interview. Tumor risk was not associated with cellular phone use overall, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.9 (95% CI 0.7-1.3). Risk was not appreciably increased after 10 or more years since first use (OR 1.0, 0.5-1.9) or after 10 or more years of cumulative use (OR 1.1, 0.5-2.4). Odds ratios were 1.2 (0.7-1.9) for the highest quartile of cumulative calls and 1.1 (0.7-1.7) for the highest quartile of hours of use, and separate analyses of analog and digital phone use showed no associations.
Billaudel B, Taxile M, Ruffie G, Veyret B, Lagroye I. · 2009
Researchers exposed murine L-929 fibroblasts to DAMPS and GSM signals at various SARs using different exposure set-ups and measured ODC activity via 14CO2 generation from 14C-labeled L-ornithine. Exposure to 50 Hz-modulated DAMPS-835 at 2.5 W/kg for one hour in TEM cells and at 6 W/kg with temperature control showed no significant alteration in ODC activity. In the second part, no alteration of ODC activity was detected with 217 Hz modulated GSM-900 (wire-patch antenna) or GSM-1800 (waveguides) when cells were lysed before measurement. The researchers concluded that under their exposure conditions, DAMPS-835 and GSM signals have no influence on ODC activity in L-929 cells.
Billaudel B et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to DAMPS and GSM signals using waveguide systems. No change in ODC activity was observed regardless of signal type, duration, or SAR.
Ahlbom A et al. · 2009
The review summarizes epidemiologic evidence on whether radiofrequency fields from mobile phones cause tumors. Studies to date do not show an increased risk of any brain or head tumor within roughly 10 years of use. Data do not suggest a causal link for fast-growing tumors like malignant glioma, but conclusions for slow-growing tumors and long-term use are less certain due to short observation periods.
Wake K et al. · 2009
Compliance testing data are measured only on the surface near the device and in a small 3D region around the maximum on a homogeneous phantom. Validation confirmed the method provided good estimation of 3D SAR distribution in the head, especially in the brain. The method has been used in several studies in the INTERPHONE.
Vrijheid M et al. · 2009
The study aimed to quantify selection bias from nonparticipation in a multinational case-control study of mobile phone use and brain tumor. Regular mobile phone use was reported less often by nonparticipants who completed the non-response questionnaire than by participants who completed the full interview. Bias factors ranged from 0.87 to 0.92, indicating roughly a 10% downward bias in odds ratios.
Myung SK et al. · 2009
Researchers investigated the association between mobile phone use and tumor risk using a meta-analysis of 23 case-control studies involving 37,916 participants. The overall odds ratio for mobile phone use compared with never or rare use was 0.98 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.07), indicating no significant association. Studies using blinding showed a significant positive association, while those without blinding showed a significant negative association. Mobile phone use for 10 years or longer was associated with an increased risk of tumors (odds ratio = 1.18; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.34). The authors concluded there is possible evidence linking mobile phone use to increased tumor risk from low-biased case-control studies and called for prospective cohort studies.
