EMF Research Studies

Materials for Selective Tissue Heating in a Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field for the Combined Chemothermal Treatment of Brain Tumors

R. A. MOIDEL, S. K. WOLFSON, JR., R. G. SELKER, S. B. WEINER · 1976

Heat as Cancer Therapy

Bull JM, Chretien PB · 1976

Microwave Heating of Malignant Mouse Tumors and Tissue Equivalent Phantom Systems

J. Eugene Robinson, Duncan McCulloch, Edgar A. Edelsack · 1976

Researchers exposed mammary tumors on mice to 2450 MHz microwaves at up to 200 watts in a free-field setup. Microwave heating alone from room temperature was marginal and produced unacceptably high thermal non-uniformities. Adding warm air to preheat tumors to body core temperature allowed hyperthermic temperatures of 40°C and 43°C with only 30 watts of microwave power. However, the maximum temperature deviation within tumors remained about 1.5°C, exceeding the desired uniformity of less than 0.25°C.

Reproductive Health

Responses of the Mouse to Microwave Radiation During Estrous Cycle and Pregnancy

Roberts Rugh, Edward I. Ginns, Henry S. Ho, William M. Leach · 1975

Researchers exposed individual CF1 mice to 2450 MHz microwave radiation in a waveguide with controlled temperature, humidity, and air flow. Female mice in estrus had a lower average lethal absorbed dose (10.65 cal/g) than those in diestrus (11.50 cal/g). Pregnant mice exposed on gestation day 8 showed teratogenic effects including exencephalies, hemorrhages, resorptions, stunting, and fetal death at absorbed doses of 3 to 8 cal/g, and the response was not all-or-none. As absorbed dose increased, the probability of at least one exencephaly per litter increased, but the relationship was not linear and varied widely among litters. A total of 1096 mice were exposed and monitored individually.

Biomedical Applications of EM Radiation

H. Allen Ecker · 1975

The Use of V.H.F. Radiowaves in Cancer Therapy

J. A. G. Holt · 1975

Microwave Characteristics of Human Tumor Cells

Michael E. Stamm et al. · 1974

Researchers cultured fresh tumor specimens and normal control tissues from cancer patients and measured microwave transmission at 76-86 GHz using an interferometer that subtracted normal cell spectra from tumor cell spectra. Tumor cells of the same histologic type from different patients produced similar differential spectra, while different tumor types (sarcomas, melanomas, carcinomas) showed distinct spectral responses. The height of peaks in the differential spectrum indicated the relative proportion of tumor versus normal cells in the sample, with mostly normal tumor samples yielding near-null responses. Measurements were performed blind, with histopathologic identity determined only after microwave data were reduced and correlated.

Commentary: Adjuvant temperature effects in cancer therapy

Block JB, Zubrod CG · 1973

DNA & Genetic Damage

Mutations in oenothera hookeri after prolonged influence of radiowaves during one vegetation period

Harte C · 1973

Adjuvant Temperature Effects in Cancer Therapy

J. B. Block, C. G. Zubrod · 1973

Microwaves Inhibit Tumor Induction

Reginald W. Rhein · 1972

INDUCTION OF CONTROLLED HYPERTHERMIA IN TREATMENT OF CANCER

M. A. Henderson · 1971

DID SECRET BEAM PRODUCE RUMORS—OR BRAIN TUMORS?

Unknown authors · 1971

ENHANCEMENT OF CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY BY SELECTIVE ELECTROMAGNETIC HEATING OF TUMORS

H. A. Ecker, C. P. Burns, R. L. Magin, V. P. Popovic · 1971

In the differential hypothermia technique, the whole animal was cooled to 40-50°F and electromagnetic radiation heated the tumor to approximately 98°F. Cooled healthy tissues utilized very little of the anticancer drug while the warm tumor with high metabolic rate was affected to a much higher degree. Mice with spontaneous tumors treated with 5-fluorouracil and differential hypothermia showed significant tumor regression after several hours. Rats with chemically induced tumors showed tumor regression in all cases after differential hypothermia and chemotherapy. A technique using 3-30 MHz radiation with ferrite or magnetic stainless steel doping was developed for heating deep tumors such as in the brain.

MILLS: MICROWAVE RADIATION

Mills · 1971

Selective Electromagnetic Heating of Tumors in Animals in Deep Hypothermia

Robert P. Zimmer, H. Allen Ecker, Vojin P. Popovic · 1971

Cellular Effects

Control of Cell Division by the Electrical Voltage of the Surface Membrane

Clarence D. Cone, Jr. · 1970

DNA & Genetic Damage

THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MONGOLISM IN BALTIMORE

Bernice H. Cohen, Abraham M. Lilienfeld · 1970

Mothers of children with mongolism reported significantly less often having no radiation exposure (50% vs 59.9%) than control mothers. The estimated relative risk for maternal radiation exposure was 1.5, corresponding to an attributable risk of 17%. Fathers of mongol children more often reported radar exposure (8.75%) than control fathers (3.3%), a difference of borderline significance.