EMF Research Studies

COMPARISON OF THE USA, USSR AND POLISH MICROWAVE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE STANDARDS

Przemyslaw Czerski · 1976

ANALISI DEI MODELLI PER LO STUDIO DELL'INTERAZIONE TRA CAMPI ELETTROMAGNETICI E TESSUTI BIOLOGICI AI FINI DELLA VALUTAZIONE DEI RISCHI DI ESPOSIZIONE

P. BERNARDI, F. GIANNINI · 1976

An Investigation of the Use of Microwave Radiation for Pulmonary Diagnostics

P. C. PEDERSEN, C. C. JOHNSON, C. H. DURNEY, D. G. BRAGG · 1976

Researchers used a 13 cm by 13 cm applicator at 915 MHz with power levels of 50 to 100 microwatts to measure microwave reflection during human respiration. Deep breathing produced maximum amplitude and phase changes of about 1 dB and 5 degrees with the applicator on the chest and 2 dB and 10 degrees on the back. In a dog with artificially induced edema, baseline amplitude shifts followed edema progression up to 15 times normal respiratory changes, while only a small phase shift occurred. The authors concluded the technique may allow qualitative monitoring of lung water changes but not quantitative determinations or discrimination between intra- and extravascular fluid.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to relieve pain

Charles Burton, MD · 1976

Materials for Selective Tissue Heating in a Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field for the Combined Chemothermal Treatment of Brain Tumors

R. A. MOIDEL, S. K. WOLFSON, JR., R. G. SELKER, S. B. WEINER · 1976

Heat as Cancer Therapy

Bull JM, Chretien PB · 1976

Pacemakers and External Interference

Elmqvist H · 1976

The paper describes interference mechanisms, the most common sources of external electromagnetic interference, and their influence on different types of pacemakers. It identifies three ways external electromagnetic interference can influence pacemaker function. Remote sources include microwave ovens, radar installations, and radio-transmitters, while direct contact sources include defibrillation, diathermy, short-wave treatment equipment, and household appliances with poor insulation. A survey of over 2200 patients found only 10 cases of interference with no serious consequences. Modern pacemakers use an interference filter that discriminates signals by repetition rate and a metal encapsulation that reduces microwave effects.

Potential microwave injuries in clinical medicine

McRee DI · 1976

Microwave Auditory Effect—A Comparison of Some Possible Transduction Mechanisms

James C. Lin · 1976

The study compares radiation pressure, restrictive force, and rapid thermal expansion as possible transduction mechanisms for the microwave auditory effect. At a peak absorbed power density of 2400 watt/m² for 2450 MHz radiation, the computed maximum stress is approximately 0.02 Newtons/m², which is above the bone-conduction hearing threshold.

Moscow Microwaves: Lethal Intrigue

K. Gheleta · 1976

Pain Sensations Associated with Electrocutaneous Stimulation

James L. Mason, Neilson A. M. MacKay · 1976

Determination of Power Absorption in Man Exposed to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields by Thermographic Measurements on Scale Models

Arthur W. Guy, Michael D. Webb, Carrol C. Sorensen · 1976

Researchers used thermographic measurements on scale models of humans in a VHF resonant cavity to determine power absorption characteristics for full-scale humans exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Peak power absorption densities of 5.63 W/kg were found for a human exposed to 10 mW/cm² at 31 MHz. Absorption decreased as the square of the frequency for frequencies below 31 MHz.

Assessment of the EM field coupling of 915 MHz oven leakage to human subjects by thermographic studies on phantom models

Webb MD, Guy AW, McDougall JA · 1976

Mechanism of reaction of the pituitary-adrenal system to stress effect of alternating magnetic field

Udintsev NA, Moroz VV · 1976

Is Microwave Leakage Hazardous?

no author indicated · 1976

Impact of Radar Irradiation on Human Systems

K. Natarajan, N. Jagannathan · 1976

NY State Challenges Reactor Seismic Vulnerability; Investigates Biological Effects of 765 kV Lines

Robert Sugarman · 1976

ELF Coupling to Spherical Models of Man and Animals

Ronald J. Spiegel · 1976

NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ESTIMATES OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE CAPABILITIES IN AEROSPACE SYSTEMS

W.R. Adey · 1976

Microwave radiation and other harmful factors of working environment in radiolocation--method of determination of microwave effects

Siekierzynski M et al. · 1976

Human thermal loading by exposure to emissions from a microwave oven (Symposium summary)

Prucha RV · 1976

Researchers exposed full-scale phantom models of a two-year child and a woman to emissions from a forced leak in a microwave oven operating at 915 MHz. Thermographic analysis provided data on specific absorption rate and heating patterns, which were related to the defined leakage source intensity. These data were used for heat input and temperature rise calculations in thermal models of humans, including both worst-case and typical-case scenarios based on movement patterns. Results were compared with other heating means such as metabolic rate changes, sunlight exposure, and medical diathermy practice. The findings indicated that current microwave oven emission standards are very conservative.

Protocol of inter-industry noise study

Ward WD, Gloria A · 1975

Gonadic function in workmen with long-term exposure to microwaves

Lancranian I, Maicanescu M, Rafaila E, Klepsch I, Popescu HI · 1975

Measurement of power density from marine radar, DHEW Publication (FDA) 76-8004

Peak DW, Conover DL, Herman WA, Shuping RE · 1975

Magnetic fields of the human body

David Cohen · 1975