Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing all 6,486 studies
Maby E, Jeannes RL, Faucon G, Liegeois-Chauvel C, De Seze R. · 2005
Researchers investigated correlation coefficients between auditory evoked potentials and their spectra to detect a possible difference due to RFs. A difference in correlation coefficients between control and experimental sessions was observed, but the effect of RFs on human health could not be deduced.
Loughran SP et al. · 2005
Researchers examined whether sleep architecture is sensitive to electromagnetic fields from digital mobile phone handsets. Fifty participants were exposed to electromagnetic fields for 30 minutes before sleep. Exposure decreased rapid eye movement sleep latency and increased electroencephalogram spectral power in the 11.5-12.25 Hz range during the initial part of sleep. The authors concluded that mobile phone exposure before sleep may promote rapid eye movement sleep and modify the sleep electroencephalogram in the first non-rapid eye movement sleep period.
Leena K, Tomi L, Arja RR. · 2005
The study surveyed a representative sample of 14-16-year-olds (N=3485) in 2001 about mobile phone use and health-compromising behaviours. Mobile phone was used by 89% of respondents and by 13% for at least 1h daily. The intensity of use was positively associated with health-compromising behaviours, and the associations remained after adjusting for weekly spending money.
Lee S et al. · 2005
The study used the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) method to measure genome-wide gene expression changes in cultured human HL-60 cells exposed to pulsed 2.45 GHz RF fields. After a 2-hour exposure, 221 genes showed altered expression, increasing to 759 genes after 6 hours. Apoptosis-related genes were upregulated while cell cycle genes were downregulated, with no significant increase in heat shock genes.
Langer P, Holzner B, Magnet W, Kopp M. · 2005
The study investigated how low-dose alcohol and conversation while driving affect the peripheral visual system and driving ability. Holding a conversation while driving reduces the peripheral visual field, an effect also seen with low-dose alcohol. Peripheral vision reaction time was measured in 60 persons using the Schuhfried test.
Lahkola A, Salminen T, Auvinen A. · 2005
Researchers evaluated selection bias in a Finnish case-control study of mobile phone use and brain tumors by comparing full and incomplete participants. Among controls, 83% of full participants and 73% of incomplete participants regularly used a mobile phone, while among cases the figures were 76% and 64%. The odds ratio for brain tumor based on the combined group was slightly closer to unity than that based only on full participants. Selection bias tends to distort effect estimates below unity, while analyses based on more comprehensive material gave results close to unity.
Kopecky R, Hamnerius Y, Persson M. · 2005
A 3D subgridding technique was used to model the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution in the isolated cochlea exposed to mobile phone radiation at 1750 MHz using the FDTD method. The cochlea was modeled at spatial resolutions of 1, 1/3, 1/5, and 1/7 mm. First simulations used 1 mm spatial resolution, then numerical resolution was increased to 1/3, 1/5, and 1/7 using subgridding without changing spatial resolution. A second set of simulations increased both spatial and numerical resolution together. The researchers concluded that subgridding is important only when both numerical and spatial resolution are increased together.
Kilgallon SJ, Simmons LW. · 2005
Keshvari J, Lang S. · 2005
Researchers used the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational method to calculate specific absorption rate (SAR) in anatomically correct adult and child head models exposed to a half-wave dipole at 900, 1800, and 2450 MHz. The ear and eye regions were studied because they represent realistic exposure scenarios for mobile wireless communication devices.
Kerekhanjanarong V et al. · 2005
The study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile phone use on the audiologic system in 98 subjects. Hearing was evaluated using audiometry, tympanometry, otoacoustic emission, and auditory brain stem evoked response. Comparison of audiograms between dominant and non-dominant ears showed no significant difference overall. In eight subjects who used mobile phones more than 60 minutes per day, the dominant ear had worse hearing thresholds than the non-dominant ear.
Kamibeppu K, Sugiura H. · 2005
Researchers recruited 651 eighth-grade students from five public junior high schools in the Tokyo metropolitan area and had them complete a questionnaire. The response rate was 88.8% with 578 participants, and about 49.3% of them owned a mobile phone. Students used phones more for e-mail than calls, with over half exchanging e-mails more than 10 times a day, mostly with schoolmates. Sociable students found phones useful for friendship but also experienced insecurity, stayed up late for e-mail, and felt they could not live without their phone.
Jones RP, Conway DH. · 2005
All ventilators except the Respironics VISION showed display errors when exposed to the Nokia phones and Simoco radio. Only the radio caused the Puritan Bennett 840 to stop functioning completely. Transfer ventilators' performance was not affected by radio or mobile phone, although a mobile phone triggered a low-power alarm. Bluetooth transmission had no effect on any ventilator.
Ilvonen S, Sihvonen AP, Karkkainen K, Sarvas J. · 2005
Researchers assessed extremely low frequency (ELF) fields induced in the human head by the battery currents of a mobile phone. They measured the magnetic field induced by the phone and used it to calculate resulting currents in the human head and brain. Both finite element method (FEM) and finite integration technique (FIT) were used for numerical computations. Computed current density values were compared with ICNIRP guidelines and found to be well within the limits.
Hunton J, Rose JM. · 2005
The study used an experiment where drivers with and without communication training completed a simulated driving course under three conversation conditions. Cellular telephone conversations consumed more attention and interfered more with driving than passenger conversations. Cell phone conversations lack nonverbal cues available in close-contact conversations, leading participants to expend significant cognitive resources to compensate. Communication training may reduce the hazardous effects of cell phone conversations on driving performance.
Hardell L, Eriksson M, Carlberg M, Sundstrom C, Mild KH. · 2005
B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was not associated with the use of cellular or cordless telephones. For T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a latency period of more than five years, cordless phone use showed an odds ratio of 2.47 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.09 to 5.60. The authors noted that the results indicate an association between T-cell NHL and phone use but are based on low numbers and must be interpreted with caution.
Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K. · 2005
Researchers conducted a case-control study of benign brain tumors with 413 cases and 692 controls. For meningioma, analogue phone use yielded an odds ratio of 1.7 (95% CI 0.97-3.0), which increased to 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-4.3) with a latency period greater than 10 years. For acoustic neuroma, analogue phone use gave an odds ratio of 4.2 (95% CI 1.8-10) that rose to 8.4 (95% CI 1.6-45) with a latency period greater than 15 years, though based on low numbers. Digital phone use was associated with an odds ratio of 2.0 (95% CI 1.05-3.8) for acoustic neuroma, while cordless phone use did not show a significant increase. In multivariate analysis, analogue phones were a significant risk factor for acoustic neuroma.
Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K. · 2005
Researchers investigated the association between cellular or cordless telephone use and brain tumour risk in urban and rural areas of Sweden. The study included 1429 cases and 1470 controls aged 20 to 80 years diagnosed between 1997 and 2000. Use of different phone types was assessed by questionnaire with one control matched for sex and age per case. Rural residence with digital phone use showed an odds ratio of 1.4 increasing to 3.2 with longer latency, while urban residence showed odds ratios of 0.9. The effect was most obvious for malignant brain tumours.
Garcia Callejo FJ et al. · 2005
Researchers evaluated a group of healthy mobile phone users and a control group of non-users with audiometry at baseline and after three years. Mobile phone users made an average of 24.3 active contacts and accumulated 50.4 days of phone use over three years. After the follow-up, users had a 1 to 5 dB HL greater increase in hearing threshold at speech tones than controls (p<0.001). A trend linked longer phone use to greater hearing loss but was not statistically significant. The authors concluded that frequent mobile phone use over a middle period of time allows to detect a mild hearing loss, but the cause remains unclear.
Gandhi G, Singh P. · 2005
The study aimed to detect cytogenetic damage in mobile phone users by analyzing short-term peripheral lymphocyte cultures for chromosomal aberrations and buccal mucosal cells for micronuclei. The results showed increased micronucleated buccal cells and cytological abnormalities in cultured lymphocytes, indicating a genotoxic response from mobile phone use.
Fejes I et al. · 2005
Researchers surveyed 371 men at a university clinic about their cell phone use habits and analyzed semen using conventional methods. Duration of possession and daily transmission time correlated negatively with rapid progressive motile sperm (r = -0.12 and r = -0.19) and positively with slow progressive motile sperm (r = 0.12 and r = 0.28). Men in the high transmitter group had a lower proportion of rapid progressive motile sperm than those in the low transmitter group (40.6% vs 48.7%).
Dovrat A et al. · 2005
Researchers used a novel experimental system to investigate localized effects of microwave radiation on bovine eye lenses in culture for over two weeks. Exposure to a few milliwatts at 1 GHz for over 36 hours affected the optical function of the lens. Self-recovery occurred when exposure was interrupted, but microscopic indicators of radiation impact remained even after macroscopic recovery.
Curcio G et al. · 2005
Researchers recorded resting EEG from 20 healthy subjects to study the effect of mobile phone EMF on waking brain activity. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups and exposed double-blind to a 902.40 MHz signal modulated at 217 Hz with 0.25 W average power before or during EEG recording. Real exposure influenced alpha band spectral power in some bins compared to baseline and sham, with a greater effect when the EMF was on during recording. The authors concluded that pulsed high-frequency EMF can affect normal brain functioning, but no health effect conclusions were drawn.
Christ A et al. · 2005
The study aimed to investigate a numerical and experimental comparison of human head phantoms for compliance testing of mobile telephone equipment. The phantom was compared to a homogeneous Generic Head Phantom and three high-resolution anatomical head models for SAR assessment. Head phantoms were exposed to a generic mobile phone with different antenna types and a commercial mobile phone at 900 and 1800 MHz, and average peak SAR was measured experimentally and numerically.
Caraglia M et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed human epidermoid cancer KB cells to non-thermal microwave electromagnetic fields at 1.95 MHz. The exposure induced time-dependent apoptosis reaching 45% after 3 hours, accompanied by a roughly 2.5-fold decrease in expression of ras and Raf-1 and activity of ras and Erk-1/2. A 2.5-fold increase in ubiquitination of ras and Raf-1 was observed, and proteasome inhibition with lactacystin counteracted the degradation, indicating proteasome-dependent degradation. MW-EMF differentially activated stress pathways, increasing JNK-1 activity and HSP70 and HSP27 expression while reducing p38 kinase activity and HSP90 expression; overexpression of HSP90 completely blocked apoptosis and the inactivation of the ras-Erk survival signal, while Erk inhibition reversed this protection.
Bit-Babik et al. · 2005
The study used FDTD computations to calculate locally averaged SAR in anatomically correct adult and child head models with the IEEE standard averaging algorithm. Peak local average SAR over 1 g and 10 g of tissue and electromagnetic energy penetration depths were about the same across all head models under the same exposure conditions. Child head models were created by linear scaling of the adult model and by transforming adult models based on children's external head shapes, with tissue properties kept the same. Modeling and experimental measurements also used three spheres filled with tissue-equivalent mixture to approximate heads of increasing size.