Bianchi A, Phillips JG. · 2005
Researchers drew potential predictors from addiction literature to predict problematic mobile phone use from extraversion, self-esteem, neuroticism, gender, and age. They devised and validated the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale as a reliable self-report instrument against the Addiction Potential Scale and overall mobile phone usage levels. Problem use was a function of age, extraversion, and low self-esteem, but not neuroticism. The study supports community concerns about mobile phone use and identifies groups for intervention campaigns.
Barteri M, Pala A, Rotella S. · 2005
Researchers exposed an aqueous solution of electric eel acetylcholinesterase to emissions from a commercial cellular phone. The exposure altered the enzyme's activity and irreversibly affected its structural and biochemical characteristics. The authors note that the results cannot determine hazardous health effects but may be a first step for further verification.
Barcal J, Cendelín J, Vozeh F, Zalud V. · 2005
Researchers performed direct registration of brain cortical and hippocampal activity during high-frequency electromagnetic field exposure. Experiments used urethane anaesthesia in Lurcher mutant mice with wild type littermates as controls. Animals were exposed to HF EMF with frequency corresponding to cellular phones. ECoG evaluation showed a distinct shift to lower frequency components in healthy mice but only gentle differences in Lurcher mutant mice. Hippocampal rhythmicity showed gentle changes with increase of higher frequencies and changes in theta oscillations in both animal types.
Balikci K, Cem Ozcan I, Turgut-Balik D, Balik HH. · 2005
Balik HH, Turgut-Balik D, Balikci K, Ozcan IC. · 2005
Researchers conducted a survey to investigate the possible effects of long-term mobile phone use on eyes. The studied symptoms included blurring of vision, redness on the eyes, vision disturbance, secretion of the eyes, inflammation in the eyes, and lacrimation of the eyes. There was no effect on redness or vision disturbance, but statistical evidence suggested mobile phone use may cause blurring of vision, secretion, inflammation, and lacrimation.
Anghileri LJ, Mayayo E, Domingo JL, Thouvenot P. · 2005
Mice were treated with 1 hour per week of radiofrequency exposure for 4 months while a sham-exposed group served as controls. The evolution of carcinogenesis was followed up to 18 months, and the maximal life span of control mice was about 24 months. All dead animals were clinically and histologically examined to give an age-determined comparative quantification of the evolving carcinogenesis. A radiocalcium tracer method permitted the evaluation of radiofrequency effects on transmembrane transport of extracellular calcium at 1 and 24 hours after exposure, and the determination of induced lipid peroxidation completed this second study.
Aksoy U, Sahin S, Ozkoc S, Ergor G. · 2005
Researchers exposed cultures of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar to 900 MHz electromagnetic radiation from a digital mobile phone for 24 hours. The number of living parasites of both species decreased significantly after exposure at 37 °C and at room temperature compared with unexposed controls.
Gandhi G, Anita · 2005
Researchers investigated DNA and chromosomal damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 24 mobile phone users exposed to microwave frequencies of 800-2000 MHz. DNA damage measured by comet assay showed a mean comet tail length of 26.76 ± 0.054 mm with 39.75% of cells damaged, which was highly significant compared to controls. The in vivo capillary blood micronucleus test also revealed a highly significant frequency of micronucleated cells at 0.25.
Yariktas M et al. · 2005
Ozguner F et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed rats to 900 MHz EMR radiation for 30 minutes per day over 10 days and measured oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activities. Exposure increased MDA and NO levels and decreased SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities in myocardial tissue. Treatment with CAPE reversed these changes, indicating a protective effect against mobile phone-induced oxidative heart injury.
Ozguner F et al. · 2005
The study compared the protective effects of melatonin and CAPE against 900 MHz mobile phone radiation-induced renal tubular injury in rats. Exposure increased urinary NAG and renal MDA levels in rats. Both melatonin and CAPE significantly reduced these elevated markers. Melatonin also increased SOD and GSH-Px activities above control levels, while CAPE did not increase these enzymes.
Ozguner F, Oktem F, Ayata A, Koyu A, Yilmaz HR. · 2005
Oktem F, Ozguner F, Mollaoglu H, Koyu A, Uz E. · 2005
Researchers exposed rats to 900-MHz mobile phone radiation for 30 minutes daily over 10 days. Exposure increased kidney tissue malondialdehyde and urine N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase while decreasing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities. Melatonin administered before each exposure reversed these changes. The authors concluded that melatonin may protect against mobile phone-induced kidney impairment in rats.
Morimoto S et al. · 2005
The study examined how EMF radiation affects endothelin-1 production by cultured endothelial cells. EMF radiation reduced basal ET-1 levels in human umbilical vein and microvascular endothelial cells but did not reduce them in bovine and human aortic endothelial cells. EMF radiation significantly inhibited thrombin-stimulated ET-1 production and mRNA expression in all four cell types in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition was abolished by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine at 10−3 mol/l.
Regoli F et al. · 2005
Buczyński A et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed human blood platelets to electromagnetic fields characteristic of car environments. Free radical generation increased after 30 and 90 minutes of exposure. Malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, reached its highest levels after 30 and 90 minutes compared to controls. The results indicate that platelets are sensitive to this environmental factor.
Wang Q, Cao ZJ, Bai XT. · 2005
Researchers exposed cerebral cortical neurons from postnatal rats to 900 MHz continuous microwave EMF with a SAR of 1.15 to 3.22 mW/g for 2 hours per day over 6 consecutive days and for 12 hours at one time. GABA receptor was selected as the biological endpoint. Significant changes in GABA receptor expression were observed in exposed neurons (P < 0.01), and the expression was significantly regulated by the microwave with a power window effect.
Vangelova KK, Israel MS. · 2005
Researchers measured urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and three stress hormones in 36 male operators working fast-rotating extended shifts under radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Exposure levels were high for broadcasting station operators, low for TV station operators, and very low for satellite station operators. Radiofrequency EMR had no effect on the typical diurnal pattern of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin. High-level exposure significantly increased excretion rates of cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline, while low-level exposure changes were not significant. The 24-hour excretion of cortisol and noradrenaline correlated with time-weighted average exposure measures.
Trosic I, Busljeta I. · 2005
Researchers exposed Wistar rats to 2.45 GHz continuous RF/MW radiation for 2 hours daily, 7 days a week, at 5–10 mW/cm², with subgroups receiving 4, 16, 30, and 60 total hours of exposure. The frequency of micronucleated bone marrow erythrocytes was significantly increased after 15 irradiation treatments. No statistically significant differences in micronucleus frequency were observed after 2, 8, or 30 irradiation treatments.
Seaman RL, Phelix CF. · 2005
3-NP significantly increased ER intracisternal width, ER area density, and nuclear envelope thickness. Microwave exposure at 6 W/kg alone also significantly increased these measures. Exposure of 3-NP-treated animals at 0.6 W/kg reduced the effects of 3-NP.
Rodina A, Lass J, Riipulk J, Bachmann T, Hinrikus H · 2005
Ten healthy volunteers were exposed to a 450 MHz, 0.16 mW/cm² electromagnetic field modulated at 7 Hz. The task required identifying two sequentially presented unfamiliar faces and their order from a set of six photos. Performance was significantly worse during real exposure than during sham, but the difference was only 5 %.
Nikolova T et al. · 2005
ELF-EMF significantly affected transcript levels of bcl-2, bax, and GADD45 genes but did not affect neural-specific gene mRNA levels. RF-EMF down-regulated neural-specific Nurr1 and up-regulated bax and GADD45 mRNA levels. Short-term RF-EMF exposure for 6 hours caused a transient increase in DNA double-strand breaks, while 48-hour exposure did not. No effects were observed on mitochondrial function, nuclear apoptosis, cell proliferation, or chromosomal alterations.
Markovà E, Hillert L, Malmgren L, Persson BR, Belyaev IY. · 2005
Researchers investigated the effects of GSM microwaves at different carrier frequencies on human lymphocytes from healthy persons and from persons reporting hypersensitivity to electromagnetic fields. They measured changes in chromatin conformation and analyzed proteins 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX, which have been shown to colocalize in distinct foci with DNA double-strand breaks. GSM microwaves affected chromatin conformation and 53BP1/gamma-H2AX foci similar to heat shock, and on average the same response was observed in lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy subjects.
Janssen T, Boege P, von Mikusch-Buchberg J, Raczek J. · 2005
Researchers investigated potential effects of electromagnetic fields from GSM cellular phones on outer hair cells by measuring distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in 28 normally hearing subjects. No significant change in DPOAE level was found in response to EMF exposure. After compensating for undesired side effects, an extremely small exposure-correlated change of less than 1 dB was observed in some subjects, which the researchers suggested was physiologically irrelevant given the very large dynamic range of hearing in humans.
Huber R et al. · 2005
Researchers investigated the effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields similar to those emitted by mobile phones on waking regional cerebral blood flow in 12 healthy young men. Positron emission tomography scans were taken after 30 min unilateral head exposure to pulse-modulated 900 MHz RF EMF, and a sham control condition was also included. Only the 'handset-like' signal, which had stronger low-frequency components, increased relative cerebral blood flow in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the side of exposure; the 'base-station-like' signal did not.
