Liu YX et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed human glioblastoma cell lines U251-MG and U87-MG to 1950-MHz TD-SCDMA fields at a maximum SAR of 5.0 W/kg for 12, 24, and 48 hours. They measured cell morphology, apoptosis, cell cycle, growth, gene and protein expression, tumor formation, and invasiveness. No significant differences in biological features or tumor formation ability were found between exposed and unexposed cells. Exposure did not act as a cytotoxic or tumor-promoting agent affecting proliferation or gene expression.
Kottou S et al. · 2015
Researchers measured electromagnetic fields in indoor dwellings across Attica, Lesvos, and Zakynthos, taking 4540 measurements from 50 Hz to 2100 MHz. Significant differences in electric field values were also found between geographic locations. RF electric field maximums were mostly below 0.5 V/m but occasionally reached up to 5.6 V/m, while ELF magnetic fields stayed below 1 μT. The study states that it may be concluded that overall the observed indoor EMF intensity values remained well below domestic and European established limits.
Gurbuz N, Sirav B, Kuzay D, Ozer C, Seyhan N. · 2015
The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between micronuclei frequency and RF radiation in exfoliated bladder cells of diabetic and non-diabetic rats using three groups of six animals each. The RF exposure was 2100 MHz with a whole-body average SAR of 0.24 W/kg and an ERMS field of 17.5 V/m at non-thermal levels. No statistically significant differences in micronuclei frequency were found between any of the groups, including between RF-exposed diabetic rats and non-exposed diabetic rats, and between RF-exposed diabetic rats and non-diabetic controls. The authors concluded that the study suggested no possible genotoxic effects of RF radiation in humans, especially those with chronic disorders such as diabetes.
Dabouis V et al. · 2015
Researchers studied causes of death among 57,000 French Navy personnel on surface vessels from 1975 to 2000. They compared mortality between radar-exposed and control groups defined by on-board workplace. Overall mortality was similar in both groups with a relative risk of 1.00. Cancer mortality also showed no increase with a relative risk of 0.92. The authors noted the number of deaths was very small for some cancer sites.
Court-Kowalski S et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed mice to 900 MHz RF fields at 4 W/kg for 104 weeks, five days per week. Control mice were sham-exposed or freely moving in cages. No change in astrocytic GFAP immunostaining was found in exposed mice compared to controls.
Kumar G, McIntosh RL, Anderson V, McKenzie RJ, Wood AW. · 2015
The researchers extended a previous study by testing for effects at different SAR levels, both 900 and 1800 MHz, and both continuous wave and pulse modulated RF radiation. Excised long bones from rats were placed in medium and exposed to RF radiation in a transverse electromagnetic cell or a waveguide. Finite-difference time-domain numerical analyses were used to estimate the forward power needed to produce nominal SAR levels of 2/10 and 2.5/12.4 W/kg in the bone marrow. After exposure, lymphoblasts were extracted and assayed for proliferation rate and genotoxicity. No significant changes were observed in the hematopoietic system of rats after exposure to CW/PM wave 900 MHz/1800 MHz RF radiations at different SAR values.
Percherancier Y et al. · 2015
Researchers used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching microscopy to measure dye diffusion between NIH3T3 fibroblasts through gap junctions. They exposed cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 0.4 or 1 mT for 24 hours and assessed direct effects on gap junctional intercellular communication. They also tested for synergism with the inhibitor phorbol ester by incubating cells with TPA for 1 hour after 24 hours of magnetic field exposure. Under these conditions, they observed neither direct inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication nor synergism with TPA-induced inhibition.
Lai J et al. · 2015
Sixty adult male rats were randomly assigned to a sham group or a 50 Hz/100 µT ELF-EMF exposure group for 24 weeks. During the exposure period, body weight, food intake, and water intake were recorded and showed no differences between groups. Behavioral tests for anxiety, depression, cognition, and memory found no effects of ELF-EMF, and brain morphology and histology were unchanged.
Silva V et al. · 2015
Researchers prepared primary human thyroid cell cultures from normal thyroid tissue of surgical patients and exposed them to simulated cell phone radiofrequency energy under different conditions. They assessed proliferation using Ki-67 and p53 expression, and measured DNA ploidy, HSP70, and ROS by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. No irradiation condition affected Ki-67, p53, DNA ploidy, HSP70, or ROS, and the researchers concluded there was no potential carcinogenic effect.
Messiha HL, Wongnate T, Chaiyen P, Jones AR, Scrutton NS · 2015
Researchers investigated the magnetic field sensitivity of several flavoenzymes with important cellular roles. No magnetic field sensitivity was detected in reaction kinetics from stopped-flow measurements in any system studied.
Xiong DF, Liu JW, Li ZX, Zeng GC, Li HL · 2015
Researchers investigated whether ELF-EMF exposure could induce oxidative stress in workers performing tour-inspection near transformers and distribution power lines. The study included 310 exposed inspection workers and 300 logistical staff as controls. No significant changes in enzyme activities or MDA concentration were found. Micronucleus lymphocyte frequency and micronuclei frequency also showed no statistically significant changes.
Kesari KK, Luukkonen J, Juutilainen J, Naarala J · 2015
Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were exposed to a 50 Hz, 100 μT magnetic field for 24 hours with or without menadione co-exposure. Micronuclei, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation were measured at 15, 30, and 45 days after exposure. Micronuclei levels were significantly elevated at 15 and 30 days but not at 45 days after exposure. Lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased at 30 and 45 days after exposure.
Jin H, Yoon HE, Lee JS, Kim JK, Myung SH, Lee YS. · 2015
Researchers assessed whether combined exposure to 60 Hz ELF-MF at 1 mT or 2 mT with ionizing radiation or hydrogen peroxide causes genomic instability in non-tumorigenic human lung epithelial L132 cells. They examined the percentages of G2/M-arrested cells and aneuploid cells after exposures. Exposure to 0.5 Gy ionizing radiation or 0.05 mM hydrogen peroxide for 9 hours increased aneuploidy but did not cause apoptotic cell death. ELF-MF alone did not affect the percentages of G2/M-arrested cells, aneuploid cells, or subG1 phase populations. Combining ELF-MF with ionizing radiation or hydrogen peroxide did not further increase G2/M arrest or aneuploidy.
Trunk A et al. · 2015
Researchers used a full factorial design with 25 participants performing a visual target detection task while recording reaction time and EEG. Target trials were divided into low and high probability sets based on the distance between consecutive targets. Caffeine further shortened reaction time in high-probability trials and decreased pre-target alpha amplitude, indicating higher arousal. UMTS exposure alone or combined with caffeine did not change reaction time or pre-stimulus oscillatory brain activity.
Sauter C et al. · 2015
Researchers conducted a double-blind cross-over study with 30 healthy young men exposed to TETRA signals at 1.5 W/kg and 6.0 W/kg and sham. Exposure lasted 2.5 hours at 385 MHz with specific absorption rates of 1.5 and 6.0 W/kg. Attention was unchanged in two of three tasks, while working memory showed significant changes in two of four subtasks. 5 out of 35 tested parameters showed significant results, four of which indicated improved performance. Mood, well-being, and subjective somatic complaints were not affected by TETRA exposure.
Salunke BP, Umathe SN, Chavan JG. · 2015
Researchers exposed mice to 2.45 GHz HF-EMF for 60 minutes per day for 7 or 30 or 60 or 90 or 120 days. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed with the elevated plus maze, open field test, and social interaction test; OCD-like behavior with marble burying; and depression-like behavior with the forced swim test and tail suspension test. The study found no evidence that HF-EMF exposure produced anxiety, OCD, or depression-like behavior in mice up to 120 days.
Malek F, Rani KA, Rahim HA, Omar MH · 2015
The study aimed to determine whether short-term exposure at 1 V/m to typical GSM and UMTS signals affects cognitive performance and physiological parameters. The sample included 200 subjects, with 50.0% reporting idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) and 50.0% non-IEI-EMF. No statistically significant differences were found between real exposure and sham exposure for cognitive performance or physiological effects in either group (P’s > 0.05).
Gupta N, Goyal D, Sharma R, Arora KS · 2015
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term mobile phone usage on auditory brainstem evoked responses. Researchers conducted a retrospective cross-sectional case-control study with 100 healthy subjects aged 18 to 30, including 67 long-term GSM mobile phone users and 33 non-user controls. No significant difference was found in latencies, interpeak latencies, and amplitudes of ABR waves between the groups.
Zhou LY et al. · 2015
A total of 34,417 pregnant women participated in the survey from January 2000 to December 2013 and 32,296 questionnaires were collected. The spontaneous abortion rate in the total sample was 3.0%. Logistic regression identified having a cold during pregnancy, decoration during pregnancy, living near a mobile communication base station within 100 meters, keeping pets, and high SAS as independent risk factors.
Zheng F et al. · 2015
Fatigue was significantly associated with years of MP usage and daily duration of MP calls, while headache was significantly associated with daily duration of MP calls. After adjusting for confounders, only the association between fatigue and MP usage remained statistically significant, and no significant association was found between MP use and other physical symptoms.
Zalata A et al. · 2015
In this prospective study, 124 semen samples were grouped into normozoospermia (N, n=26), asthenozoospermia (A, n=32), asthenoteratozoospermia (AT, n=31), and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT, n=35). Each sample was split into non-exposed and exposed portions, with the exposed portion receiving cell phone radiation for 1 hour. After exposure, sperm motility, acrosin activity, DNA fragmentation, and CLU gene expression were assessed. Exposure significantly decreased sperm motility, linear velocity, linearity index, and acrosin activity, and significantly increased DNA fragmentation, CLU gene expression, and CLU protein levels, with the largest changes in the OAT group.
Singh S, Mani KV, Kapoor N. · 2015
Sieroń-Stołtny K et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed male rats to 900 MHz mobile phone electromagnetic field for 28 days and measured bone size, mechanical properties, mineral content, and bone turnover markers. The authors concluded that the field does not directly affect bone size but alters bone mineralization and turnover processes, influencing mechanical strength.
Shokri S, Soltani A, Kazemi M, Sardari D, Mofrad FB. · 2015
Three-month-old male Wistar rats (n=27) were exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation in a chamber with two Wi-Fi antennas and divided into a control group and groups exposed for 1 hour or 7 hours per day for two months. Sperm parameters, caspase-3 concentrations, histomorphometric changes of testis, and apoptotic indexes were evaluated. Both exposure groups showed a decrease in sperm parameters in a time-dependent pattern, increased apoptosis-positive cells and caspase-3 activity in seminiferous tubules, and significantly reduced seminal vesicle weight compared to controls.
Sehitoglu I et al. · 2015
Pregnant rats were exposed to 900 MHz cell-phone radiation 24 hours a day for 20 days throughout pregnancy. Seven male offspring from each group were evaluated at 60 days, with testicular size, weight, histology, and serum testosterone measured. Exposed males had lower serum testosterone (3.51±0.21 ng/ml vs 4.04±0.47 ng/ml, p=0.018), higher caspase-3 activity (2.00±0.88 vs 1.00±0.63, p=0.026), and lower Johnsen scores (8.4±0.5 vs 9.4±0.5, p=0.010) than controls.
