Lv B, Chen Z, Wu T, Shao Q, Yan D, Ma L, Lu K, Xie Y. · 2013
Eighteen subjects participated in a double-blind, crossover, randomized and counterbalanced experiment including real and sham exposure sessions. Resting-state fMRI signals were collected before and after exposure, with the radiation source placed close to the right ear. After real exposure, decreased ALFF values were found in the left superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, and right paracentral lobule.
Deshmukh PS et al. · 2013
The study investigated possible DNA-damaging effects of low-level microwave radiation in the brains of male Fischer rats. Rats were exposed for 30 days at three frequencies: 900, 1800, and 2450 MHz, at specific absorption rates on the order of 10−4 W/kg. DNA damage in brain tissue was assessed using alkaline comet assay after the exposure period. The researchers concluded that low SAR microwave radiation at these frequencies may induce DNA strand breaks in brain tissue.
Eskander EF, Estefan SF, Abd-Rabou AA · 2012
Blackman C · 2012
Researchers examined the growth rate of human tumour cell lines from liver and breast cancers along with normal cells from those tissues exposed to amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields. Tumour cells exposed to tissue-specific AM-EMF showed reduced growth rates while normal cells from the same tissue and cells from the other tissue type showed no change. The growth inhibition depended on field strength and exposure time, and ancillary tests found reduced gene expression and increased mitotic spindle dysfunction only for the AM-EMF exposure that reduced cell growth.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers examined nocturnal profiles of blood parameters including electrolytes, nonprotein nitrogenous compounds, and glucose in 15 men exposed chronically to 50-Hz magnetic fields for 1 to 20 years. The exposed group had weekly geometric mean exposures ranging from 0.1 to 2.6 μT. Results were compared to 15 unexposed men of similar age with exposures ranging from 0.004 to 0.092 μT. Exposed men showed significant changes in serum sodium, chloride, phosphorus, and glucose for exposures greater than 0.3 μT. The authors concluded that long-term exposure above 0.3 μT could induce biological modifications of certain blood parameters, though clinical relevance needs further investigation.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers measured electromagnetic field intensity in two workplaces and collected health data from 188 control workers and 642 occupationally exposed workers. Electric and magnetic field intensities were significantly higher in the exposure workplaces than in the control workplace. Noise levels did not differ significantly between the two workplaces. The exposed workers showed significantly higher abnormal rates of HCY, ALT, AST, GGT, and ECG findings compared to controls. The groups did not differ in sex, age, height, or weight.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers recruited 28 newborns who had spent at least 48 hours in incubators with significant electromagnetic fields and measured their urinary melatonin metabolite before and after moving them to cribs with negligible fields. They also measured the same metabolite twice over 48 hours in 27 control newborns not exposed to electromagnetic fields. The metabolite level rose significantly after removal from the incubator, while no significant change occurred in the control group.
Teepen JC, van Dijck JA · 2012
The review evaluated evidence for a causal relation between electromagnetic fields and childhood leukemia. Three pooled analyses of case-control studies showed a 1.4- to 1.7-fold increased risk for ELF-EMF exposure above 0.3 μT. The estimated overall population attributable risk was 1.9%, with highest estimates in Northern America and Brazil at 4.2% and 4.1%. No proposed biological mechanisms for ELF-EMF causing childhood leukemia have been confirmed.
Unknown authors · 2012
Unknown authors · 2012
Seventeen pairs of male volunteers aged 20-30 were exposed to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field at 62.0 ± 7.1 μT for two hours or to a sham exposure at 0.21 ± 0.05 μT. The exposure sequence was repeated the next day and again six days later with a null exposure of 0.085 ± 0.01 μT replacing the sham. Researchers examined 16 genes previously reported to respond to ELF-EMF exposure using Illumina microarrays on pooled RNA samples. No genes or gene sets showed consistent response profiles to the repeated ELF-EMF exposures. A transient cortisol increase occurred at the onset of both exposure and sham on the first day, diminishing over subsequent sessions and attributed to protocol-related stress.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers analyzed incidence data from the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program, the California Cancer Registry, and the National Cancer Institute's SEER program for 1992 to 2006. Glioblastoma multiforme rates rose in the frontal and temporal lobes across all registries and in the cerebellum according to the California Cancer Registry, while rates fell in the overlapping region. Rates in the parietal and occipital lobes remained stable. Overall glioma rates decreased, and low-grade and anaplastic astrocytoma rates decreased in most brain regions.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers measured unstimulated parotid salivary flow rate bilaterally in 142 individuals divided into heavy users and control subjects using a modified Schirmer test. Bilateral parotid ultrasonography was performed to evaluate gland volume. Heavy users showed a significant increase in salivary flow rate, blood flow rate, and parotid gland volume on the side where phones are frequently placed.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers surveyed 373 adolescents in the Wellington Region of New Zealand about their SMS texting and cordless phone call estimates. The recall data showed a logarithmic mental process with responses becoming less specific as leading digits increased from 1 to 9. Sixty-nine percent of weekly text responses were rounded to a single non-zero digit such as 2, 20, or 200.
Yu D, Zhang R, Liu Q. · 2012
Stewart A, Rao JN, Middleton JD, Pearmain P, Evans T · 2012
Residents expressed concern about cancers after a nearby mobile phone base station was installed. The study examined ward-level cancer incidence and mortality data over four three-year periods. Nineteen residents had developed cancer, but the cases did not meet the criteria for a cancer cluster.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Zetterberg H, Hardell L · 2012
Three hundred and fourteen people aged 18-65 years were recruited from Örebro, Sweden, using the population registry. They used linear regression analyses adjusted for covariates to examine associations between serum β-trace protein and short- and long-term wireless phone use. Overall, no statistically significant association was found, but a negative association emerged for long-term use in the 18-30 year age group.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L · 2012
The case-control study included Sixty-nine patients with salivary gland tumours (63 with a parotid gland tumour) and 262 randomly recruited controls. Wireless phone use was not associated with an overall increased risk of salivary gland tumours, odds ratio 0.8 (95% CI 0.4-1.5). There was no increased risk for different phone types, latencies, or cumulative use groups. The overall results were similar for the risk of parotid gland tumours.
Ros-Llor I et al. · 2012
Researchers conducted a cohort study of 50 Caucasian mobile phone users, collecting two cheek mucosa cell samples from each participant. No statistically significant changes were recorded for age, gender, body mass index, or smoking status, and comparisons by phone side and exposure duration showed no significant differences. The authors reported no genotoxic effects from RF exposure for any study parameter.
Redmayne M, Smith E, Abramson MJ. · 2012
The researchers aimed to explain features commonly observed in wireless phone recall data and to improve analytical procedures. They surveyed 373 adolescents from 16 schools with an 85% participation rate. The recall data followed a logarithmic mental process, and the authors recommend log-transforming the data and using the geometric mean for analysis.
Mild KH, Andersen JB, Pedersen GF. · 2012
Several earlier studies used a GSM phone in stand-by mode as an exposure source and reported effects on sleep and testicular function. The authors explain that in stand-by mode the phone is only active during periodic location updates set by the network operator. Typical updates occur every 2 to 5 hours, and between updates the phone acts as a passive receiver with no microwave emission. They conclude that exposure in stand-by mode can be considered negligible.
Kwon MK, Kim SK, Koo JM, Choi JY, Kim DW. · 2012
The study used a double-blind design with 17 EHS and 20 non-EHS volunteers exposed to real and sham RF-EMF sessions. There was no indication that EHS subjects perceive RF-EMFs better than non-EHS subjects. Exposure used a WCDMA module at 1950 MHz with an average power of 24 dBm and a specific absorption rate of 1.57 W/kg for 32 min.
Kwon MK, Choi JY, Kim SK, Yoo TK, Kim DW. · 2012
In this double-blind study, two volunteer groups of 17 EHS and 20 non-EHS subjects were simultaneously investigated for physiological changes (heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiration rate), eight subjective symptoms, and perception of RF-EMFs during real and sham exposure sessions. Experiments were conducted using a dummy phone containing a WCDMA module (average power, 24 dBm at 1950 MHz; specific absorption rate, 1.57 W/kg) within a headset placed on the head for 32 min. WCDMA RF-EMFs generated no physiological changes or subjective symptoms in either group, and there was no evidence that EHS subjects perceived RF-EMFs better than non-EHS subjects.
Hintzsche H et al. · 2012
Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K. · 2012
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of the Hardell group and Interphone studies on mobile phone use and brain tumours. The meta-analysis found an odds ratio of 1.71 for glioma in the temporal lobe in the latency group of 10 years or more. For ipsilateral mobile phone use with a latency of 10 years or more, the odds ratio for acoustic neuroma was 1.81. The analysis also reported an odds ratio of 2.29 for ipsilateral mobile phone use of 1640 hours or more, and an odds ratio of 2.55 for ipsilateral cumulative use of 1640 hours or more. The Hardell group studies also found that cordless phone use increased the risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma.
Ghosn R et al. · 2012
Volunteers participated in a double-blind, crossover study with sham and real GSM 900 MHz mobile phone exposure sessions lasting 20 minutes each. Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity, pulsatility index, and resistance index were measured noninvasively with transcranial Doppler sonography before, during, and after exposure. No significant changes were detected in studied variables in middle cerebral arteries during sham or real exposure.
