Mortazavi SMJ et al. · 2017
Iranian researchers exposed rats to 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to microwave ovens) for 4 hours daily over one week, then tested whether this 'primed' their liver cells to better handle a subsequent dose of gamma radiation. They found that low-power RF exposure increased antioxidant enzymes like glutathione, which helped protect liver tissue from oxidative damage when the rats were later exposed to harmful gamma radiation.
Mokarram P, Sheikhi M, Mortazavi SMJ, Saeb S, Shokrpour N · 2017
Researchers exposed male rats to 900 MHz GSM cell phone radiation for 4 hours and found it altered DNA methylation patterns in colon cells, specifically affecting the estrogen receptor gene. DNA methylation is a process that controls gene activity and plays a role in cancer development. This suggests that cell phone radiation may cause epigenetic changes that could potentially increase colorectal cancer risk.
Martens AL et al. · 2017
Dutch researchers tracked nearly 15,000 adults over three years to compare actual radiofrequency radiation exposure from cell towers (measured with precise modeling) versus people's perception of their exposure. They found that while actual exposure levels weren't linked to health symptoms, people who believed they were more exposed reported significantly more sleep problems and nonspecific symptoms like headaches and fatigue.
Mokarram P, Sheikhi M, Mortazavi SMJ, Saeb S4 Shokrpour N · 2017
Iranian researchers exposed male rats to 900 MHz GSM cell phone radiation for 4 hours and examined how it affected DNA methylation patterns in colon tissue cells. They found that the cell phone radiation altered the methylation pattern of the estrogen receptor alpha gene, which is involved in colorectal cancer development. This suggests that cell phone radiation may contribute to cancer risk through epigenetic changes - modifications that don't alter DNA sequence but affect how genes are expressed.
Lu X, Oda M, Ohba T, Mitsubuchi H, Masuda S, Katoh T. · 2017
Japanese researchers studied 461 pregnant women to examine whether heavy mobile phone use during pregnancy affects baby birth weight. They found that babies born to mothers who used mobile phones excessively during pregnancy had lower birth weights and required emergency medical transport more frequently than babies whose mothers used phones normally. This suggests that intense phone use during pregnancy may pose risks to developing babies.
Lippi G et al. · 2017
Italian researchers exposed blood samples from 16 healthy volunteers to smartphone radiation (900 MHz) for 30 minutes and found significant changes in platelet function. The exposed blood showed altered clotting behavior and increased platelet size compared to unexposed samples. This suggests that smartphone radiation can directly affect blood components involved in clotting and wound healing.
Lian HY, Lin KW, Yang C, Cai P. · 2017
Researchers exposed yeast cells to radiofrequency radiation (2.0 GHz) and extremely low frequency fields (50 Hz) to study effects on protein misfolding. They found that both types of electromagnetic fields increased the formation and spread of prions (misfolded proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases) in a dose-dependent manner. This suggests EMF exposure may contribute to protein misfolding disorders through oxidative stress mechanisms.
Lee AK, Hong SE, Kwon JH, Choi HD, Cardis E. · 2017
Researchers analyzed how different types of mobile phones expose the brain to electromagnetic radiation by calculating specific absorption rates (SAR) for 11 phone models representing 86% of phones sold in Korea since 2002. They found that phone design, antenna type, and user age significantly affect how much radiation the brain absorbs, with variations depending on whether phones had internal or external antennas. This research helps us understand why some phones may pose greater exposure risks than others.
Kamali K et al. · 2017
Iranian researchers exposed human sperm samples to electromagnetic waves from a 3G+WiFi modem downloading data for 50 minutes and compared them to shielded samples. The exposed sperm showed significantly reduced motility (movement quality) and velocity, particularly affecting sperm that move poorly to begin with. This matters because declining sperm quality is already a major concern for male fertility worldwide.
Ibitayo AO et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed young male rats to Wi-Fi radiation at 2.5 GHz for 30, 45, and 60 days to study brain effects. They found DNA damage and vascular congestion (blood vessel swelling) in the brain tissue that worsened with longer exposure periods. This suggests that everyday Wi-Fi exposure may cause cumulative damage to brain cells and blood vessels over time.
Hassanshahi A et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed 80 male rats to Wi-Fi radiation (2.4 GHz) for 12 hours daily over 30 days, then tested their ability to recognize new versus familiar objects using sight, touch, and combined senses. The Wi-Fi-exposed rats lost their ability to distinguish between new and familiar objects in all tests, while also showing increased expression of certain brain receptors in the hippocampus (the brain's memory center). This suggests that chronic Wi-Fi exposure may impair how the brain processes and integrates sensory information.
Hardell L, Carlberg M. · 2017
Swedish researchers analyzed brain tumor rates from 1998-2015 using two national health databases and found a concerning pattern: brain tumor rates increased by 2.06% annually overall, with the steepest increase of 4.24% per year after 2007. The 20-39 age group showed the highest increases, coinciding with widespread mobile phone adoption, and the researchers discovered that many brain tumors are likely being underreported to cancer registries.
Halgamuge MN. · 2017
Researchers analyzed 45 studies examining how radiofrequency radiation from mobile phones affects plants, looking at 169 experiments across 29 plant species. They found that nearly 90% of studies showed biological effects in plants exposed to cell phone frequencies, with certain crops like corn, tomatoes, and peas appearing especially sensitive. This suggests that the wireless radiation we consider safe may be causing measurable biological changes in living organisms.
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation at 900 MHz and 2100 MHz frequencies for either 1 week or 10 weeks, then examined changes in brain enzymes involved in memory and learning. They found that longer exposure (10 weeks) caused more significant changes than shorter exposure (1 week), and that 2100 MHz radiation (used by 3G networks) had stronger effects than 900 MHz radiation (used by 2G networks). This suggests that both the duration of exposure and the specific frequency matter when it comes to how wireless radiation affects the brain.
Gkonis F, Boursianis A, Samaras T. · 2017
Researchers measured electromagnetic field exposure from television broadcasts in Thessaloniki, Greece, before and after the transition from analog to digital TV. They found that digital television signals produced 78% lower power density (13.3 μW/m²) compared to analog broadcasts (60 μW/m²). This means the digital switchover significantly reduced the population's exposure to radiofrequency radiation in the UHF television band.
Eghlidospour M, Ghanbari A, Mortazavi SMJ, Azari H. · 2017
Iranian researchers exposed neural stem cells (brain cells that can develop into neurons) to radiation from a GSM 900-MHz mobile phone for different time periods. They found that longer exposures significantly reduced the cells' ability to multiply and form new neurons, though the cells didn't die. This suggests that cell phone radiation may interfere with the brain's natural ability to generate new brain cells, a process crucial for learning, memory, and brain repair.
Durusoy R, Hassoy H, Özkurt A, Karababa AO. · 2017
Turkish researchers surveyed 2,150 high school students about their mobile phone use and measured electromagnetic field levels in their schools. Students who used mobile phones were 90% more likely to experience headaches, 78% more likely to report fatigue, and 53% more likely to have sleep problems compared to non-users. The study found clear dose-response relationships, meaning heavier phone use correlated with more frequent symptoms.
D'Silva MH, Swer RT, Anbalagan J, Rajesh B. · 2017
Researchers exposed developing chick embryos to radiation from 2G and 3G cell phones throughout their development and examined the effects on liver tissue. They found significant structural damage to liver cells, including bleeding, cellular swelling, and DNA breaks, with 3G radiation causing more severe damage than 2G. This suggests that developing tissues may be particularly vulnerable to cell phone radiation during critical growth periods.
de Oliveira FM, Carmona AM2 Ladeira C. · 2017
Researchers examined cheek cells from 86 mobile phone users to see if phone radiation causes micronuclei (tiny fragments that indicate DNA damage). They found no difference in DNA damage between the side of the mouth where people held their phones versus the opposite side, and no relationship between daily phone use duration and genetic damage.
Das S, Chakraborty S, Mahanta B. · 2017
Researchers tested the hearing of medical students who had been using mobile phones for at least 5 years, comparing the ear they typically hold their phone to versus their other ear. They found measurable hearing loss in the phone-exposed ear at high frequencies (2, 4, and 8 kHz), with both air and bone conduction thresholds significantly elevated compared to the unexposed ear. This suggests that regular mobile phone use may gradually damage hearing, particularly at frequencies important for understanding speech.
Crabtree DPE, Herrera BJ, Kang S. · 2017
Researchers at Baylor University exposed bacteria from human skin to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (the type emitted by cell phones) and found that these exposures altered bacterial growth patterns. The study tested both laboratory bacteria and skin bacteria samples from people with different cell phone usage histories, finding variable but consistent disruption across different bacterial species. This suggests that cell phone radiation may be disrupting the beneficial bacteria that naturally live on our skin, potentially affecting human health through this disrupted relationship.
Chandel S, Kaur S, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. · 2017
Researchers exposed onion roots to 2100 MHz cell phone radiation for 1-4 hours and measured cellular damage markers. The exposure triggered increased production of harmful reactive oxygen species (unstable molecules that damage cells) and forced the plants to ramp up their antioxidant defenses. This demonstrates that cell phone frequencies can disrupt normal cellular processes even in plant tissue.
Çetkin M, Demirel C, Kızılkan N, Aksoy N, Erbağcı H. · 2017
Turkish researchers exposed rats to mobile phone radiation for 10 weeks, mimicking daily phone use (2 hours talking, 12 hours standby). While iron and ferritin levels remained normal, the phones significantly reduced the rats' ability to bind and transport iron in their blood. This suggests mobile phone radiation may interfere with how the body manages iron, an essential mineral for oxygen transport and energy production.
Carlberg M, Hardell L. · 2017
Researchers used a rigorous scientific framework to evaluate whether mobile and cordless phone use causes brain tumors called gliomas. They found that people with the highest phone use had a 90% increased risk of developing gliomas, with risk doubling for those using wireless phones for 20+ years. The study concluded that radiofrequency radiation from phones should be classified as a human carcinogen.
Buckner CA, Buckner AL, Koren SA, Persinger MA, Lafrenie RM. · 2017
Researchers exposed multiple types of cancer cells to a specific low-frequency electromagnetic field pattern (25-6 Hz) for one hour daily and found it significantly slowed cancer cell growth without affecting healthy cells. The EMF exposure worked by altering specific cellular signaling pathways (cAMP and ERK) that control cell division. This suggests certain EMF patterns might have therapeutic potential for cancer treatment by selectively targeting malignant cells.
