Ushiyama A et al. · 2014
Researchers exposed young rats to 21-kHz magnetic fields (similar to frequencies used in induction heating and some wireless charging) for one hour daily over two weeks to test effects on blood and immune system function. The study found no significant changes in immune cell activity, blood cell counts, or other immune markers, with only a minor phosphorus level change that remained within normal ranges. This suggests that short-term exposure to these intermediate-frequency magnetic fields may not substantially impact immune function in developing animals.
Wyszkowska J, Shepherd S, Sharkh S, Jackson CW, Newland PL. · 2016
Scientists exposed desert locusts to electromagnetic fields from power lines and appliances, finding reduced walking ability, slower nerve responses, weaker muscle contractions, and increased cellular stress proteins. This demonstrates that everyday electromagnetic field exposure can cause measurable biological effects across multiple body systems.
Ozdemir E, Demirkazik A, Taskıran AS, Arslan G. · 2019
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 2 hours daily over 15 days and found the fields produced pain relief (analgesia). They discovered this pain-blocking effect works through serotonin receptors in the brain - the same chemical system involved in mood and sleep. The study shows that extremely low frequency magnetic fields can directly alter brain chemistry and pain perception.
Hajipour Verdom B, Abdolmaleki P, Behmanesh M. · 2018
Researchers studied how static magnetic fields affect cancer treatment with doxorubicin (a common chemotherapy drug). They found that magnetic fields at 10 millitesla enhanced the drug's cancer-killing effects by increasing harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells. This could potentially allow doctors to use lower doses of chemotherapy while maintaining effectiveness, reducing side effects for patients.
Ozdemir E et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (household electricity frequency) for 15 days while giving them morphine. The magnetic field exposure enhanced morphine's pain relief and reduced tolerance development. This suggests electromagnetic fields can influence how our nervous systems respond to pain medications.
Dornelles EB et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed human blood cells to static magnetic fields for up to 6 hours, finding that people with certain genetic variations experienced significantly more cell death and damage. This suggests genetic differences may make some individuals more vulnerable to magnetic field exposure than others.
Ben Yakir-Blumkin M, Loboda Y, Schächter L, Finberg JP. · 2014
Researchers exposed rat brain neurons to weak static magnetic fields (50 gauss) for seven days and found these fields provided significant protection against cell death. The magnetic field exposure reduced neuron death by 57% when cells were exposed to a toxic chemical, and decreased multiple markers of cellular damage by 40-80%. This suggests static magnetic fields might influence brain cell survival through changes in calcium channels.
Bai WF, Xu WC, Feng Y, Huang H, Li XP, Deng CY, Zhang MS. · 2013
Chinese researchers exposed stem cells from rat bone marrow to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for one hour daily over 12 days. The electromagnetic field exposure helped these stem cells transform into functional brain neurons that could form connections and transmit electrical signals. This suggests that power-frequency magnetic fields might have therapeutic potential for treating nervous system diseases through stem cell therapy.
Bai WF, Xu WC, Feng Y, Huang H, Li XP, Deng CY, Zhang MS. · 2013
Researchers exposed rat bone marrow stem cells to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as household electricity) for one hour daily over 12 days. The EMF exposure significantly enhanced the stem cells' ability to transform into functional brain neurons, complete with working synapses and electrical activity. This suggests that power frequency magnetic fields can directly influence cellular development and may have therapeutic applications for treating nervous system diseases.
Gulturk S et al. · 2010
Scientists exposed diabetic rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (from power lines) for three hours daily over 30 days. The magnetic fields increased blood-brain barrier permeability, allowing substances to pass more easily into brain tissue. This matters because a compromised barrier can let toxins reach the brain.
Gulturk S et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed diabetic rats to power line frequency magnetic fields for 30 days. The magnetic fields weakened the blood-brain barrier, which normally protects the brain from harmful substances. Diabetic animals with magnetic field exposure showed the worst barrier damage, potentially allowing toxins easier brain access.
Ayşe IG, Zafer A, Sule O, Işil IT, Kalkan T. · 2010
Turkish researchers exposed leukemia cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields for different time periods. A single one-hour exposure decreased cell maturation, but daily exposure for four days increased it. This shows EMF timing can produce opposite biological effects in the same cells.
Koyama S, Sakurai T, Nakahara T, Miyakoshi J · 2008
Researchers exposed human brain cancer cells to 60 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as household electricity) to see if it would increase DNA damage. They found that while the magnetic fields alone didn't damage DNA, they significantly amplified the DNA damage caused by toxic chemicals. This suggests that common power-frequency magnetic fields may make cells more vulnerable to other sources of genetic damage.
Ding GR et al. · 2004
Researchers exposed human leukemia cells to 60 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as household electrical current) while also treating them with hydrogen peroxide, a chemical that damages cells. They found that the magnetic field exposure made the cells die faster and in greater numbers compared to hydrogen peroxide treatment alone. This suggests that power-frequency magnetic fields can amplify cellular damage caused by other harmful substances.
Koyama S et al. · 2004
Japanese researchers exposed DNA-containing plasmids to hydrogen peroxide (a cellular toxin) either alone or combined with 60 Hz magnetic fields at 5 millitesla for 4 hours. When magnetic field exposure was combined with hydrogen peroxide, DNA mutations increased by 155% compared to hydrogen peroxide alone. This suggests that power-frequency magnetic fields can amplify the genetic damage caused by oxidative stress in cells.
Maliszewska J et al. · 2018
Cockroaches exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields (household power frequency) showed slower reactions to dangerous heat and developed cellular damage markers. The study suggests power-line frequency EMFs can impair nervous system responses to threats while causing biological stress.
Cichoń N et al. · 2017
Researchers studied 48 stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation, with half receiving additional exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (40 Hz) for 15 minutes daily. The EMF-exposed group showed increased levels of nitric oxide compounds in their blood and demonstrated better functional and mental recovery compared to the control group. This suggests that specific EMF frequencies might help enhance brain healing after stroke.
Cichoń N et al. · 2017
Researchers studied whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields could help stroke patients recover by examining brain chemistry changes. They exposed 48 stroke patients to 40 Hz magnetic fields for 15 minutes daily during rehabilitation and found increased levels of nitric oxide (a brain chemical involved in healing) plus improved mental and daily functioning. This suggests that specific EMF exposures might actually support brain recovery after stroke.
Cichoń N, Bijak M, Miller E, Saluk J. · 2017
Researchers studied 57 stroke patients who received either standard rehabilitation alone or rehabilitation plus daily exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (40 Hz) for four weeks. Patients exposed to the magnetic fields showed improved antioxidant enzyme activity in their blood and better functional recovery, including enhanced daily living skills and reduced depression scores compared to the control group.
Kamalipooya S et al. · 2017
Researchers tested static magnetic fields combined with chemotherapy drug cisplatin on cancer cells. The magnetic fields enhanced cisplatin's cancer-killing effects, destroying 89% of cancer cells while barely affecting healthy cells, suggesting magnetic fields could improve chemotherapy treatments.
Ciejka E et al. · 2014
Polish researchers exposed rats to 40 Hz magnetic fields at 7 mT (similar to some therapeutic magnetic devices) for either 30 or 60 minutes daily over two weeks. They found that both exposure durations significantly increased glutathione levels in skeletal muscle tissue compared to unexposed controls. Glutathione is the body's master antioxidant, so this suggests the magnetic fields triggered the muscles' natural defense systems against cellular damage.
Ciejka E, Kleniewska P, Skibska B, Goraca A · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to 40 Hz magnetic fields at 7 mT (milliTesla) for either 30 or 60 minutes daily over 10 days to study brain cell damage. They found that shorter exposures (30 minutes) increased harmful oxidative stress markers in the brain, while longer exposures (60 minutes) triggered protective adaptation responses. This suggests that magnetic field exposure duration significantly affects how the brain responds to electromagnetic stress.
Ciejka E, Kleniewska P, Skibska B, Goraca A. · 2011
Polish researchers exposed rats to 7 milliTesla magnetic fields at 40 Hz (similar to some therapeutic magnetic devices) for either 30 or 60 minutes daily over 10 days. They found that 30-minute exposures increased oxidative stress markers in brain tissue, indicating cellular damage from free radicals. However, 60-minute exposures triggered adaptive mechanisms that appeared to protect against this damage, suggesting the brain can develop tolerance to longer magnetic field exposures.
Ciejka E, Kleniewska P, Skibska B, Goraca A. · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to magnetic fields similar to therapeutic devices for 30 or 60 minutes daily. Thirty minutes caused brain cell damage, but sixty minutes activated protective responses. This shows exposure duration determines whether magnetic fields harm or help the brain adapt.
Ciejka E, Skibska B, Kleniewska P, Goraca A. · 2010
Polish researchers exposed rats to 40 Hz magnetic fields (the type used in medical magnetotherapy) for either 30 or 60 minutes daily over two weeks. They found significant biochemical changes in muscle tissue, including increased sulfur compounds and altered protein levels, indicating the magnetic fields triggered oxidative stress. This suggests that even therapeutic magnetic field devices can cause measurable cellular damage in muscle tissue.
