Gallasch E, Rafolt D, Postruznik M, Fresnoza S, Christova M · 2018
Researchers tested whether rotating magnets over the brain could alter brain activity, comparing this technique to electrical brain stimulation. They found that 20 Hz magnetic fields from rotating magnets decreased brain excitability, while electrical stimulation increased it. This suggests rotating magnetic devices could become new tools for brain therapy.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers irradiated peripheral blood cells from five donors with a continuous wave of 900 MHz RF-EMF for 0, 30, 60 and 90 min and evaluated gene expression changes with microarray analysis. After false discovery rate adjustment, no EMF-specific gene expression response was detected. Low-stringency analysis identified 483 statistically significant deregulated transcripts, but these were regarded as statistical artefacts due to the absence of a targeted biological response, and qRT-PCR of 14 candidate transcripts showed no correlation with microarray results.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study analyzed extremely low-frequency magnetic fields from 3163 datasets collected in 100 Australian houses across different geographical locations. Average geometric mean magnetic fields were 0.85 mG at beds, 1.39 mG in bedrooms, 0.39 mG at baby cots, 0.47 mG in children's play areas, and 0.30 mG in family rooms. Measurements showed considerable variation, with 21.83% of bed measurements and 33.33% of bedroom measurements exceeding 4 mG, and some emissions surpassed ICNIRP general public exposure limits. Away from electrical appliances, average fields in all rooms ranged from 0.30 to 1.39 mG. The authors suggest simple precautions can reduce exposure and propose their data collection model for future surveys.
Unknown authors · 2018
Australian researchers measured magnetic fields from household electrical sources in 100 homes, finding significant variation in exposure levels, especially in bedrooms where residents spend the most time. The study found that 21.83% of bed measurements and 33.33% of bedroom measurements exceeded 4 milligauss, with some readings surpassing international safety guidelines. The research demonstrates that simple precautions can effectively reduce residential EMF exposure.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers randomly assigned rats to cage control, sham, or 2.1 GHz RF exposure for 2 hours daily over 7 days and recorded auditory evoked potentials. Peak-to-peak amplitudes of auditory evoked potentials were significantly higher in the RF group than in the sham group. Evoked power, inter-trial phase synchronization, and auditory evoked gamma responses were also significantly higher in the RF group. The RF group showed significantly lower TBARS and 4-HNE levels, while GFAP, nNOS, and iNOS levels did not differ between groups, and no differences were found between cage control and RF groups.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers divided male Wistar-Albino rats into four groups of eight and exposed one group to 2600 MHz EMF for 30 days. EMF exposure increased sinus dilatation, caspase-3 and TNF-α positive cells, and malondialdehyde levels in liver tissue. Quercetin at 100 mg/kg/day did not prevent the liver damage.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed female Wistar albino rats to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 6.8 ± 0.1 V/m and 0.06 W/kg SAR for 2 hours per day for eight weeks, with a sham group kept under similar conditions without exposure. They measured Hsp27, p38MAPK, EGFR, and caspase-3 gene expression using real-time PCR. Caspase-3 and p38MAPK gene expression were significantly upregulated in the ocular tissues of exposed rats.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed rats to 2.1 GHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to some cell phone frequencies) for 2 hours daily over 7 days, then measured brain responses to sounds. The RF-exposed rats showed significantly stronger auditory brain responses and reduced oxidative damage markers compared to control groups.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed cultured neonatal human retinal pigment epithelial cells to pulsed electromagnetic fields at 1 mT and 50 Hz for 8 hours daily over 3 days. They assessed cell proliferation, cell death, protein expression of RPE65, PAX6, nestin, and cytokeratin 8/18, and gene expression of NES, PAX6, RPE65, and ACTA2. Exposed cells showed no significant changes in cytomorphology, proliferation, or death. Protein expression of PAX6 decreased while RPE65, cytokeratin 8/18, and nestin remained unchanged. Gene expression of NES, RPE65, and PAX6 decreased, while ACTA2 did not change significantly.
Ruigrok HJ et al. · 2018
Researchers monitored TRPV1 activation in real time on live cells using a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technique. Transiently-transfected HEK293T cells were exposed to 1800 MHz radiofrequency signals including CW, GSM, UMTS, LTE, Wi-Fi and WiMAX at specific absorption rates between 8 and 32 W/kg. TRPV1 channels were activated by the heat produced by radiofrequency exposure, but no activation occurred without temperature elevation. Radiofrequency exposure did not alter the maximal efficacy of capsaicin to activate TRPV1 at fixed temperature.
Consales C et al. · 2018
Mahmoudinasab H, Saadat M. · 2018
Researchers measured the effects of morphine and EMF, in combination with β-lapachone, on cell growth inhibition and expression of antioxidant genes in SH-SY5Y cells. The study used 0.50 mT intensity of 50 Hz EMF under two exposure conditions: "15 min field-on/15 min field-off" and "30 min field-on continuously." Under the "15 min field-on/15 min field-off" condition, NQO1 mRNA level decreased while NQO2 expression increased. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that NQO1 mRNA levels were associated positively with β-lapachone and negatively with EMF.
Consales C et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed human brain cells and mouse neurons to 50-Hz magnetic fields (the type from power lines) at 1 milliTesla and found significant changes in gene regulation. The magnetic fields altered microRNAs (small molecules that control gene expression) and increased production of alpha-synuclein, a protein linked to Parkinson's disease. This suggests that power-frequency magnetic fields may disrupt normal brain cell function through epigenetic changes that could predispose neurons to degeneration.
Li R et al. · 2018
This study examined how mouse spermatocyte-derived cells respond to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure at 4 W/kg for 24 hours. The researchers found that RF-EMF exposure induced both DNA damage and autophagy through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, with the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway mediating this autophagy response, and that autophagy activation actually protected cells from DNA damage.
Mahmoudinasab H, Saadat M. · 2018
Researchers tested four treatment combinations on MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells: cisplatin alone, cisplatin with morin, cisplatin with electromagnetic field, and cisplatin combined with both morin and electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field was applied at 50 Hz and 0.50 mT using a cycle of 15 minutes field-on followed by 15 minutes field-off. The IC50 value of cisplatin in the cisplatin-plus-morin-plus-EMF treatment was significantly higher than cisplatin alone and the cisplatin-plus-morin treatment in both cell lines. In SH-SY5Y cells, most of the antioxidant genes showed upregulation with the cisplatin-plus-EMF and cisplatin-plus-morin-plus-EMF treatments, while antioxidant gene expression patterns were similar across the four treatments in MCF-7 cells.
Unknown authors · 2018
Turkish researchers tested whether 15-minute mobile phone exposure affects attention in 30 emergency physicians using standardized cognitive tests. They found that physicians exposed to active phones (900-1800 MHz) actually performed better on selective attention tasks compared to those holding inactive phones. The study suggests short-term phone radiation may temporarily enhance certain cognitive functions.
Seif F, Bayatiani MR, Ansarihadipour H, Habibi G, Sadelaji S · 2018
Researchers divided adult male rats into three groups: a control group, a group exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELFMF), and a group given Myrtus communis extract before ELFMF exposure. The magnetic field was set at 0.7 mT and 50 Hz, applied for two hours a day for one month. ELFMF exposure decreased plasma antioxidant power and significantly increased markers of oxidative damage, including protein carbonyl, methemoglobin, and hemichrome concentrations. Administration of M. communis extract increased antioxidant power and decreased plasma protein carbonyl, methemoglobin, and hemichrome concentrations.
Gupta SK, Mesharam MK, Krishnamurthy S. · 2018
Male rats were exposed to EMR (900, 1800 and 2450 MHz) every day for 1 h for 28 consecutive days. Animals exposed to EMR-2450 MHz exhibited significant cognitive deficits. EMR-2450 MHz caused loss of mitochondrial function and integrity, an increase in amyloid beta expression. There was release of cytochrome-c and activation of apoptotic factors such as caspase-9 and -3 in the hippocampus. Further, there was decrease in levels of acetylcholine, and increase in activity of acetyl cholinesterase, indicating impairment of cholinergic system.
Lasalvia M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood lympho-monocytes in a reverberation chamber to 1.8 GHz electromagnetic fields at 200 V/m for times ranging from 1 to 20 hours. Some exposed cells took on an enlarged and deformed shape, and Raman spectra of the nuclear compartment showed reductions in DNA backbone-linked vibrational modes. After 20 hours of exposure, resting oxygen consumption rate increased and was coupled to a significant increase of the FoF1-ATP synthase-related oxygen consumption. The researchers suggested that adaptive mechanisms, likely via redox signaling, may compensate for early impairments of the oxidative phosphorylation system caused by EMF exposure.
Ertilav K, Uslusoy F, Ataizi S, Nazıroğlu M. · 2018
Twenty-four adult rats were divided into control, 900 MHz, and 1800 MHz exposure groups. Each experimental group was exposed to electromagnetic radiation for 60 minutes per day, five days per week, for one year. Both frequencies increased TRPV1 currents, calcium influx, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, apoptosis, and caspase 3 and 9 activities in the hippocampus and dorsal root ganglion. The 1800 MHz exposure produced greater increases in these measures than the 900 MHz exposure.
Budziosz J et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz, intensity of 10 kV/m, and magnetic induction of 4.3 pT for 22 hours a day to evaluate oxidative stress in central nervous system structures. Mean malondialdehyde levels and total oxidant status in the CNS structures did not differ significantly between the experimental and control groups. Antioxidant enzyme activities in brain structure homogenates were decreased, with the exception of frontal cortex catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and hippocampal glutathione reductase.
Errico Provenzano A et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the differentiation process of acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells that were also treated with ATRA. The NB4 cells used were a cell line established from the bone marrow of a patient affected by acute promyelocytic leukemia. ELF-EMF exposure decreased cellular proliferation potential and helped ATRA-treated NB4 cells to mature. The results indicated that ELF-EMF exposure promotes ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation of these leukemia cells.
Medina-Fernandez FJ et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), natalizumab, dimethyl fumarate, and dexamethasone on Dark Agouti rats given a single dose of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). MOG triggered a significant increase in clinical score and in levels of lipid peroxides and carbonylated proteins, but reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio in brain, spinal cord and blood. Both TMS and the clinical treatments decreased the changes caused by MOG, with TMS doing so more significantly.
Li R et al. · 2018
Mouse spermatocyte-derived cells (GC-2) were exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at 4 W/kg for 24 hours. The exposure induced both autophagy and DNA damage in GC-2 cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species. When autophagy was blocked by knocking down AMPKα, DNA damage increased, while overexpressing AMPKα promoted autophagy and reduced DNA damage.
Erdal ME, Yılmaz SG, Gürgül S, Uzun C, Derici D, Erdal N. · 2018
Researchers examined the effects of long-term ELF-MF exposure on miRNAs previously related to brain and human diseases, including miR-26b-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-106b-5p, miR-107, and miR-125a-3p. Male and female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into sham and ELF-MF exposed groups, and after sacrifice, blood samples and brain tissues were collected. All miRNA expression levels in young female rats showed a significant decrease in blood compared to brain samples, though fewer miRNAs showed a similar significant decrease in blood.
