Hajipour Verdom B, Abdolmaleki P, Behmanesh M. · 2018
Researchers investigated the effects of a homogenous static magnetic field (SMF) on doxorubicin-induced toxicity and proliferation rate of cancer cells. SMF alone decreased cell viability and proliferation rate in MCF-7 and HFF cells, similar to doxorubicin alone. The combination of 10 mT SMF and 0.1 µM doxorubicin decreased viability and proliferation of cancer and normal cells in a synergistic manner. The findings suggest that SMF can decrease the required dose of chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and thereby decrease their side effects.
Glinka M et al. · 2018
Researchers assessed the impact of static magnetic fields of different intensities on redox homeostasis in cultures of fibroblasts. Six chambers with field flux densities varying from 0.1 to 0.7 T were used in the research. ATP concentration and the generation of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, remained stable, while the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase decreased.
Errico Provenzano A et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the differentiation process of acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells that were also treated with ATRA. The NB4 cells used were a cell line established from the bone marrow of a patient affected by acute promyelocytic leukemia. ELF-EMF exposure decreased cellular proliferation potential and helped ATRA-treated NB4 cells to mature. The results indicated that ELF-EMF exposure promotes ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation of these leukemia cells.
Dinčić M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed Wistar albino rats to upward- or downward-oriented static magnetic fields for 50 days, then measured enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers in synaptosomes isolated from the whole rat brain. Chronic exposure to 1 mT static magnetic field significantly increased ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activities, and raised malondialdehyde levels in both exposed groups compared to controls. Synaptosomal catalase activity was significantly decreased in the group exposed to the downward-oriented field compared to both the control group and the upward-oriented field group.
Consales C et al. · 2018
Coballase-Urrutia E et al. · 2018
Researchers studied the effects of static magnetic fields at 0.8 mT on oxidative stress markers in a restraint stress animal model. Exposure to static magnetic fields over 5 days at 30, 60, and 240 minutes per day decreased NO, MDA, AGEs, and AOPP levels and increased SOD and GSH levels, with the response being time-dependent.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers studied the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on human bone marrow stromal cells using microarray analysis. PEMF stimulation of the cells mainly affected genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cell structure, and growth receptors or kinase pathways. During differentiation, PEMF regulated the TGF-β signaling pathway and microRNA 21, stimulated Smad2 activation and miR21-5p expression, and decreased Smad7 expression. PEMF increased Runx2 expression, and this increase was prevented by a miR21-5p inhibitor.
Pesqueira T, Costa-Almeida R, Gomes ME · 2017
Researchers exposed human tendon-derived cells to a low-frequency static magnetic field (2 Hz, 350 mT) using short-term exposures of 4 and 8 hours and long-term regimens of continuous, every 24 hours, or every 48 hours over an 8-hour period. In short-term studies, 8-hour stimulation significantly upregulated the tendon-associated genes SCX, COL1A1, TNC, and DCN and altered intracellular Ca2+ levels. In long-term studies, the every-24-hour regimen upregulated COL1A1, COL3A1, and TNC at day 14, while continuous exposure differentially regulated IL-1β and IL-10 release at day 7.
Fathi E et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to 0.432 μg/ml ZnSO4 together with a 50 Hz, 20 mT electromagnetic field. The combined treatment increased expression of osteogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium levels. The effect depended on PKA and ERK1/2 signaling, as inhibitors of these pathways blocked the osteogenic promotion. The treatment also raised cAMP and PKA activity and upregulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes.
Talebnejad MR et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed 40 adult white New Zealand rabbits to GSM-simulated microwave radiation at distances of 10 cm or 30 cm for one or three days. Electroretinography responses measured seven days after exposure showed no statistically significant differences between any groups. Retinal tissue appeared normal without degeneration, but ciliary body congestion occurred more often in rabbits receiving higher microwave doses.
Su L, Wei X, Xu Z, Chen G · 2017
Researchers exposed neurogenic A172, U251, and SH-SY5Y cells to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg intermittently for 1, 6, or 24 hours. DNA damage was measured by quantifying γH2AX foci, an early marker of DNA double-strand breaks. Cell cycle progression, proliferation, and viability were assessed using flow cytometry, hemocytometer, and cell counting kit-8 assay. Exposure did not significantly induce γH2AX foci formation or cause abnormal cell cycle progression, proliferation, or viability. Prolonged incubation up to 48 hours after exposure also did not significantly affect cellular behavior.
Park J, Kwon JH, Kim N, Song K · 2017
Researchers exposed HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells to 1950 MHz RF-EMF at a SAR of 6 W/kg for 2 hours per day over 3 days. They analyzed mRNA and protein expression of key genes involved in Aβ processing. In HT22 cells, mRNA levels of APP, BACE1, ADAM10 and PSEN1 decreased, while APP mRNA was unchanged in SH-SY5Y cells. Protein expression of APP and BACE1 and secreted Aβ peptide did not differ significantly between exposed and control cells.
Haas AJ et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated the effects of a 24-hour millimeter wave exposure at 60.4 GHz with an incident power density of 5 mW/cm² on dopaminergic turnover in NGF-treated PC12 cells. They measured intracellular and extracellular dopamine and DOPAC using high performance liquid chromatography and assessed dopamine transporter expression by immunocytochemistry. Dopamine turnover and DAT protein expression were not impacted by exposure, while extracellular DOPAC accumulation showed a slight non-significant increase attributed to thermal effects.
Ghatei N et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant BALB/c mice to mobile phone jammer radiation at 900 and 1800 MHz on the 19th day of pregnancy. After birth, offspring were divided into four exposure groups and examined at 8-10 weeks of age. Cerebellar expression of bax, bcl-2, p21, and p53 was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Radiation did not change bcl-2 or p53 expression (P>0.05). Radiation decreased bax expression and increased p21 expression compared to controls (P<0.05).
Danese E et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed blood samples from 14 healthy volunteers to 900 MHz radiofrequency from a commercial mobile phone for 30 minutes. A control sample was kept away from radiofrequency sources. DNA integrity was measured by analyzing γ-H2AX foci in lymphocytes using immunofluorescence staining. No measure of γ-H2AX foci was significantly influenced by the exposure, and the odds ratio for genetic damage ranged from 0.27 to 1.00.
Villarini M et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed SH-SY5Y5 and SK-N-BE-2 neuroblastoma cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mT, aluminum chloride at 4 or 40 µM, or both together for 1 hour continuously or 5 hours intermittently. They measured DNA damage with the comet assay, redox status via GSH/GSSG ratio, and Hsp70 expression by western blot and real-time RT-PCR. Neither the magnetic field nor aluminum alone caused DNA damage, altered the GSH/GSSG ratio, or changed Hsp70 levels, and combined exposure showed no synergistic toxic effect.
Taheri M et al. · 2017
Researchers assessed whether 900 MHz GSM mobile phone radiation and 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router radiation alter the susceptibility of microorganisms to different antibiotics. The study found that exposure to Wi-Fi and RF simulator radiation can significantly alter inhibition zone diameters and growth rates for Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. Pure cultures of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were exposed to RF-EMFs from a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone simulator and a 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router.
Sepehrimanesh M, Kazemipour N, Saeb M, Nazifi S, Davis DL · 2017
Researchers exposed 20 Sprague-Dawley rats to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 0, 1, 2, or 4 hours per day for 30 consecutive days. After 4 hours of daily exposure, ATP synthase beta subunit and hypoxia up-regulated protein 1 precursor were significantly up-regulated. The authors state that these protein increases are related to carcinogenic risk and reproductive damage.
Qureshi ST, Memon SA, Abassi AR, Sial MA, Bughio FA. · 2017
Researchers exposed dry chickpea seeds to GSM cell phone radiation at 900 MHz and laptop radiation at 3.31 GHz for 24 and 48 hours. Untreated seeds served as a negative control and gamma rays at 250 Gray served as a positive control. All radiofrequency treatments inhibited seed germination, with the 48-hour laptop exposure showing the strongest negative effect. Mitotic index decreased and abnormality index increased as exposure duration and frequency increased. Cell membrane damage, nuclear membrane damage, and ghost cells were observed only after 48 hours of exposure.
Lippi G et al. · 2017
Researchers collected two sequential citrated blood samples from 16 healthy volunteers and exposed one sample to a smartphone call for 30 minutes at 900 MHz. Exposure significantly prolonged collagen-epinephrine aggregation by a median of 10% and increased mean platelet volume by a median of 5%. Collagen-adenosine diphosphate aggregation and platelet count did not change.
Lian HY, Lin KW, Yang C, Cai P. · 2017
Researchers exposed two budding yeast strains, NT64C and SB34, to 2.0 GHz RF-EMF and 50 Hz ELF-EMF. Both RF-EMF and ELF-EMF exposure elevated the de novo generation and propagation of the yeast prion [URE3] in the two strains. The increase grew over time, and ELF-EMF showed a dose-dependent effect. Chaperone transcription and expression (Hsp104, Hsp70-Ssa1/2, Hsp40-Ydj1) did not change significantly after exposure. ROS levels and SOD and CAT activities rose after short-term exposure but not after long-term exposure.
Kamali K et al. · 2017
Researchers collected 40 semen samples from healthy men and divided them into exposed and unexposed groups. The exposed group was placed in an incubator with a 3G+Wi-Fi modem downloading data for 50 minutes, while the unexposed group was shielded with aluminum foil. Sperm motility class C was significantly lower in the exposed group, while class D was significantly higher. Several velocity parameters were significantly higher in the unexposed group. The authors concluded that electromagnetic waves from 3G+Wi-Fi modems significantly decrease sperm motility and velocity.
Ibitayo AO et al. · 2017
Researchers divided young male rats into four groups, with three groups exposed to 2.5 Ghz radiation for 30, 45, or 60 consecutive days. DNA damage was detected using agarose gel electrophoresis, and histomorphometry showed perivascular congestion and tissue damage.
Halgamuge MN. · 2017
The analysis found that 89.9% of studies reported physiological or morphological effects from mobile phone RF-EMF (p < 0.001). Maize, roselle, pea, fenugreek, duckweeds, tomato, onions, and mungbean appeared especially sensitive to RF-EMF.
