Hardell L, Carlberg M, · 2014
In total, 1498 cases (89% participation) and 3530 controls (87% participation) were included. Mobile phone use increased glioma risk with an overall odds ratio of 1.3 (95% CI 1.1–1.6), rising to 3.0 (95% CI 1.7–5.2) for latency over 25 years. Cordless phone use increased glioma risk with an overall odds ratio of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1–1.7), with highest risk in the >15–20 years latency group (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.5). Ipsilateral mobile phone use had an odds ratio of 1.8 (95% CI 1.4–2.2) and ipsilateral cordless phone use had an odds ratio of 1.7 (95% CI 1.3–2.1). The highest risk was for glioma in the temporal lobe, and first use before age 20 gave higher odds ratios than later first use.
Gorpinchenko I, Nikitin O, Banyra O, Shulyak A. · 2014
Researchers exposed sperm samples from 32 healthy men to mobile phone radiation in standby/talk mode for 5 hours. Exposed samples showed significantly lower progressive motility, higher non-progressive motility, and higher DNA fragmentation compared to unexposed samples. A correlation was found between radiation exposure, DNA fragmentation level, and decreased sperm motility.
Ghanmi A, Varsier N, Hadjem A, Conil E, Picon O, Wiart J. · 2014
Researchers analyzed how phone position affects brain exposure by comparing SAR from two GSM phone models. They tested 80 phone positions selected via Latin hypercube sampling. They estimated SAR10g in the head, SAR1g in the brain, and SAR in brain structures at 900 and 1800 MHz. Results show SAR distributions in the brain are sensitive to phone position. For 5–10% of positions, SAR10g in head and SAR1g in brain were 20% higher than the standard cheek position, and the SAM model was conservative for 95% of positions.
Geronikolou S et al. · 2014
Egg laying in the second generation was compared between exposed and non-exposed cultures using advanced statistics. The 900 MHz exposure showed statistical significance, while the cordless phone exposure showed limited statistical significance. The researchers also calculated and simulated the near-field radiation patterns inside the vials. They found that the power difference between the two fields becomes null when the cylinder radius and antenna height increase.
Denny-Bas V, Zmirou-Navier D, De Tychey C, Briançon S. · 2014
A self-administered questionnaire was sent to volunteers and achieved a 72% response rate. The questionnaire measured perceived risk and 11 psychometric properties on a 0-to-10 visual analogue scale, and anxiety was assessed with the Spielberger questionnaire. Mean risk scores were higher for passive and active smoking (8.75 and 8.31) than for cell phones and masts (4.44 and 4.73). Psychometric property scores for cell phones and masts were higher than for smoking, especially for dissatisfaction with information and authorities' capacity to master the risk.
Curcio G, Mazzucchi E, Marca GD, Vollono C, Rossini PM. · 2014
Researchers recorded EEG activity from 12 patients with focal epilepsy under real and sham exposure using a double-blind, crossover, counterbalanced design. Spiking activity tended to be lower during real exposure than during sham exposure. Gamma band power increased significantly during real exposure, mainly in parieto-occipital and temporal areas. Interhemispheric instantaneous coherence in the beta band increased from left temporal to right frontal regions during real exposure relative to baseline. No significant change in lagged coherence was observed.
Chiu CT, Chang YH, Chen CC, Ko MC, Li CY. · 2014
Carlberg M, Hardell L. · 2014
Researchers analyzed survival of 1678 glioma patients from the 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 case-control studies. Wireless phone use with more than 20 years latency showed an increased hazard ratio of 1.7 for glioma overall. For glioblastoma multiforme, mobile phone use had a hazard ratio of 2.0 and cordless phone use a hazard ratio of 3.4 in the same latency category.
Cabot E et al. · 2014
Researchers used numerical modeling to analyze electromagnetic radiation exposure of pregnant women and their fetuses at three gestational stages in near-field and far-field conditions. When the mother was exposed at general public reference levels, the fetus was sufficiently shielded and maternal exposure remained below or on the order of the basic restriction.
Bürgi A , Scanferla D, Lehmann H. · 2014
Researchers determined duty factors for UMTS using data from 37 base stations in the Swisscom network. The average output power corresponded to about a third of the maximum power. The UMTS sample included sites from different Swiss regions and site types including rural, suburban, urban, and hotspot.
Bamiou DE et al. · 2014
They measured subjective visual vertical and horizontal from min 25 of exposure and found no effect of the emission type. However, an ear effect shifted perception opposite to the exposed ear, which the researchers attributed to handset weight or neck muscle stimulation.
Akhavan-Sigari R, Baf MM, Ariabod V, Rohde V, Rahighi S. · 2014
Researchers studied sixty-three glioblastoma patients who underwent tumor resection between 2008 and 2011. They measured p53 gene expression in central and peripheral tumor zones using RT-PCR. Among patients using cell phones three or more hours daily, 65% showed higher mutant p53 expression in the peripheral zone, a statistically significant increase. This increased mutant p53 expression was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival. The risk was not higher for ipsilateral exposure.
Adibzadeh F et al. · 2014
Researchers performed detailed dosimetric simulations for 20 head models to quantify how head morphology affects RF dose in different brain regions. The variation in averaged SAR among heads reached up to 16.4 dB in a 1 cm³ brain cube using the field-sensor method and up to 15.8 dB in the medulla using the Talairach method. Head models were exposed to generic mobile phone fields at 835 and 1900 MHz in tilted and cheek positions. The authors concluded that head morphology is an important uncertainty source and that dosimetric analyses for specific brain regions should use real morphology.
Adachi-Mejia AM et al. · 2014
The study aimed to determine if mobile phones interfere with adolescent sleep, and researchers conducted a pilot test in a pediatric primary care practice with 454 patients aged 12 to 20 years, half female, attending a well-child visit. Adolescents completed paper-and-pencil surveys in the waiting room. More than half took their mobile phone to bed (62.9%) and kept it turned on while sleeping (56.8%). More than one-third texted after going to bed (36.7%), and 7.9% were awakened by a text two or more times per week. Almost half used their phone as their alarm (45.7%).
van der Mark M et al. · 2014
Researchers conducted a hospital-based case-control study with 444 Parkinson's disease patients and 876 age- and sex-matched controls. Occupational histories were collected via telephone interviews and linked to job-exposure matrices for extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and electrical shocks. No association was observed between Parkinson's disease risk and any of the evaluated electricity-related exposures, although reduced risk estimates appeared consistently across most exposure categories. The authors concluded that the reduced risk estimates are unlikely to represent a true protective effect.
Ragy MM. · 2014
Researchers exposed male rats to 900-MHz electromagnetic radiation for one hour daily over 60 days, with a withdrawal group that had a 30-day recovery period. Exposure significantly increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased total antioxidant capacity in brain, liver, and kidney tissues. Serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, and corticosterone were significantly increased, while catecholamines were not significantly changed. All these alterations were corrected after the withdrawal period.
Arbabi-Kalati F, Salimi S, Vaziry-Rabiee A, Noraeei M. · 2014
Researchers investigated the effects of mobile phone use duration on total antioxidant capacity of saliva using unstimulated saliva from 105 volunteers without oral lesions. Volunteers were divided into three groups based on daily mobile phone usage, and total antioxidant capacity was measured by the Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma method. Average total antioxidant capacities in the three groups were 657.91 µmol/lit, 726.77 µm/lit, and 560.17 µmol/lit, and talking over an hour decreased capacity compared with talking less than twenty minutes.
Monazzam MR et al. · 2014
Researchers measured magnetic flux density in a control building and two substations according to IEEE standard 644-1994. They used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and General Health Quality questionnaires to assess sleep quality and public health in 40 workers. In the case group, 28% had poor health status and 61% had a sleep disorder, while all control group members were in good health and only 4.5% had undesirable sleep quality. A significant difference existed between groups in sleep quality and general health, but no significant relationship was found between exposure level and these outcomes. Measured EMF values were below ACGIH limits, and the authors recommended further epidemiological studies and periodic testing.
Marchesi N et al. · 2014
Researchers investigated the effect of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on autophagy modulation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Low-frequency EMF significantly reduced microRNA-30a expression and increased Beclin1 transcript and protein. Repeated low-frequency EMF treatments were tested against amyloid-beta peptide effects in vitro. The study demonstrates for the first time that specific low-frequency EMF treatments can modulate a microRNA sequence affecting autophagy via Beclin1.
Liu H et al. · 2014
Leone L et al. · 2014
The study used an in vitro model of hippocampal neural stem cells from newborn mice to examine effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. ELFEFs enhanced proliferation and neuronal differentiation of these neural stem cells through epigenetic regulation. Exposure increased expression of the pro-proliferative gene Hes1 and neuronal determination genes NeuroD1 and Neurogenin1. These changes were preceded by increased H3K9 acetylation and phosphorylated CREB binding to gene regulatory sequences. The epigenetic modifications were blocked by the Cav1-channel blocker nifedipine and linked to increased CBP occupancy at promoter loci.
Choi YK, Lee DH, Seo YK, Jung H, Park JK, Cho H. · 2014
Researchers used PEG-phospholipid encapsulated magnetite nanoparticles on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to improve intracellular uptake. Cell viability and intracellular iron content were measured after nanoparticle treatment. RT-PCR and immunohistological analysis with neural cell type-specific genes and antibodies were performed after electromagnetic field exposure. The results suggested that electromagnetic fields enhance neural differentiation in these cells and would be an effective method for differentiating neural cells.
Zheng F et al. · 2014
A total of 7720 middle school students were involved in this cross-sectional study and 7102 valid questionnaires were obtained. Inattention was assessed using DSM-IV-TR criteria for the attention deficit component of ADHD. After adjusting for confounders, inattention was significantly associated with MP ownership, entertainment time on MP per day, MP position during the day, and MP mode at night. The strongest association was among students who spent more than 60 minutes per day playing on their MP.
Yogesh S, Abha S, Priyanka S. · 2014
The study enrolled 100 medical students divided into cases with more than two hours of daily mobile phone use (n=57) and controls with two hours or less (n=43), and assessed sleep quality using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Differences between groups were tested with the Mann-Whitney U test and Student's t-test, and correlations were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation with significance set at p<0.05. Evening mobile phone use showed a significant negative association with sleep quality (r=-0.606, p=0.042), where higher PSQI scores indicate worse sleep.
Velayutham P, Govindasamy GK, Raman R, Prepageran N, Ng KH · 2014
The study was a prospective single-blinded study that used high-frequency audiometry. Researchers compared the dominant ear to the non-dominant ear in 100 subjects because they could not find enough non-users as a control group. Chronic mobile phone usage revealed high frequency hearing loss in the dominant ear compared to the non-dominant ear. The loss in the dominant ear was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
